Effective Date: 2023-10-15
Ensure There Is Sufficient Probable Cause to Make an Arrest:
One of the fundamental principles in law enforcement is that officers should make arrests only when there is sufficient probable cause. Probable cause is the reasonable belief, based on specific facts and circumstances, that a crime has been or is being committed by the individual to be arrested. This belief should be grounded in objective evidence, not just suspicion or hunches.
Officers should avoid making arrests for minor infractions or for punitive reasons. Arrest should be reserved for situations where it is necessary, either due to the seriousness of the alleged offense or to protect public safety.
In some cases, a citation or warning may be more appropriate for minor offenses, allowing for discretion and a more proportionate response.
Use Force Only When It Is Necessary to Protect Life, Prevent Serious Bodily Harm, or Effect an Arrest:
The use of force by law enforcement should be a last resort and used only when necessary to achieve a lawful purpose, such as protecting human life, preventing serious bodily harm, or effecting a lawful arrest.
Officers must follow the principles of proportionality and reasonableness when considering the use of force. This means that the level of force used should be commensurate with the threat or resistance encountered.
Follow Departmental Policies and Guidelines Regarding the Use of Force:
Each law enforcement agency typically has specific policies, guidelines, and training related to the use of force. Officers should be well-versed in these policies and adhere to them.
Departmental policies often provide a framework for when and how force may be used, emphasizing de-escalation techniques and less-lethal options whenever possible.
Officers should receive ongoing training in the use of force, including techniques to minimize harm and escalation, such as verbal communication and crisis intervention.
The proper application of probable cause and the judicious use of force are critical elements of responsible policing. By ensuring that arrests are based on legitimate legal grounds and that force is used only when necessary and in accordance with established policies, officers can protect individual rights and maintain public trust. These practices also reduce the risk of excessive use of force and associated legal liabilities.