Chytridiomycota
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Basic Mycology
Morphology
Morphology
The phyla Chytridiomycota and Blastocladiomycota have the particularity of being the only phyla of the Fungi kingdom that reproduce by means of uniflagellate zoospores of the posterior whip type. The diploid and haploid phases of the life cycle of Synchytrium endobioticum involve the zoospores, zygote, prosorus and zoosporangium.
Os filos Chytridiomycota e Blastocladiomycota, possuem a particularidade de serem os únicos filos do reino Fungi que se reproduzem por meio de zoósporos uniflagelados do tipo chicote posterior. As fases diploide e haploide do ciclo de vida de Synchytrium endobioticum envolvem os zoósporos, zigoto, prosorus e zoosporângio.
Systematic
Systematic
The species Synchytrium endobioticum is classified in the kingdom Fungi, phylum Chytridiomycota, class Chytridiomycetes, order Chytridiales, family Synchytriaceae. Pathotypes 1(D1), 2(G1), 6(O1) and 18(T1) are currently considered the most widespread.
A espécie Synchytrium endobioticum está classifica no reino Fungi, filo Chytridiomycota, classe Chytridiomycetes, ordem Chytridiales, família Synchytriaceae. Os patótipos 1(D1), 2(G1), 6(O1) e 18(T1) são atualmente considerados os mais difundidos.
Species of economic importance
Species of economic importance
The boetrophic fungus Synchytrium endobioticum is the causal agent of potato black wart, considered the most serious quarantine disease of the crop in the world. The pathogen attacks the tubers, whose symptoms are characterized by warty malformations similar to cauliflower.
O fungo boitrófico Synchytrium endobioticum, é agente causal da verrugose preta da batata, considerada a doença quarentenária mais grave da cultura no mundo. O patógeno ataca os tubérculos, cujos sintomas são caracterizados por malformações verrucosas semelhantes a couve-flor
Synchytrium endobioticum - Potato “Deodara”: a) infected, b) healthy (GHOGHOBERIDZE et al., 2020).
Ecology
Ecology
In its diploid phase, (1) fusion of compatible zoospore isogametes (plasmogamy) occurs, followed by (2) karyogamy of nuclei for the formation of the zygote and (3) subsequent encystment and infection of the host by the zygote for the (4) development of resting spores (prosorus). Then the haploid phase begins, where (5) germination of the resting spores is initiated, culminating in the release of zoosporangia and then (6) zoospores, which reach the surface of the host for (7) encystment, penetration, infection and (8) development of the fungal thallus (prosorus). The fungal thallus will give rise to the (9) sporangium with multiple zoosporangia, which (10) are released and then release the haploid zoospores.
Image: Synchytrium endobioticum - Potato “Deodara”: a) infected, b) healthy. GHOGHOBERIDZE, S.; SIKHARULIDZE, Z.; TSETSKHLADZE, T.; SIKHARULIDZE, K.; GORGILADZE, L.; PAPUNIDZE, V. Occurrence of the Pathotype 38 of Synchytrium Endobioticum in Khulo Municipality of Georgia. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, v.14, n.1, p.114-119, 2020.
To citing life cycle figure from this site: CARVALHO, D.D.C. A bold scientific dissemination project in the area of phytopathology. Available at: https://sites.google.com/view/danieldiegocostacarvalho/home
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