Quiz & Assignment-1

Quiz-1

Q1. How do you create a variable named x with the numeric value 5?

• int x=5

• All of the above

• x<-5

• x : 5

Correct Answer :  x<-5

Q2. How do you insert COMMENTS in R code?

• None

• // This is a comment

• /* This is a comment

Correct Answer :  // This is a comment

Q3. What is a correct syntax to output “Hello World” in R?

• ‘Hello World’

• “Hello World”

• print(“Hello World”)

• All of the other answers are correct

Correct Answer :  All of the other answers are correct

Q4. Who is introduced R Programming Language?

• Ross Ihaka

• Robert Gentleman

• Both (A) and (B)

• Florian Hahne

Correct Answer : Both (A) and (B)

Q5. When the First appeared R Programming Language?

• August 1992

• August 1994

• August 1993

• August 1995

Correct Answer :  August 1993

Q6. Which function is often used to concatenate elements?

• join()

• merge()

• paste()

• concat()

Correct Answer :  paste()

Q7. Which statement is used to stop a loop?

• stop

• exit

• break

• return

Correct Answer :  break

Q8. Which function is used to find the amount of rows and columns in an array?

• dim()

• nchar()

• length()

• dim_len()

Correct Answer :  dim()

Q9. How do you start writing a while loop in R?

• while x < y:

• x < y while

• while x < y

• while (x < y)

Correct Answer :  while (x < y)

Q10. How do you start writing an if statement in R?

• if (x > y)

• if x > y:

• if x > y then:

• None of the above

Correct Answer :  if (x > y)

Q11. Which function is used to add additional columns in a matrix?

• add()

• cbind()

• join()

• append_item()

Correct Answer :  cbind()

Q12. Which function is used to draw points (markers) in a diagram?

• d()

• draw()

• plot()

• canvas()

Correct Answer :  plot()

Q13. How can you assign the same value to multiple variables in one line?

• var1, var2, var3 <- “Orange”

• var1, var2, var3 = “Orange”

• var1, var2, var3 => “Orange”

• var1 <- var2 <- var3 <- “Orange”

Correct Answer :  var1 <- var2 <- var3 <- “Orange”

Q14. Which operator is used to add together two values?

• The & sign

• The + sign

• The * sign

• None of the above

Correct Answer :  The + sign

Q15. The following values: 10.5, 55 and 787, belongs to which data type?

• numeric

• integer

• complex

• All of the above

Correct Answer :  numeric

ASSIGNMENT-1

Q1. Explain Some of the Similarities and Differences Between R and Python. 

R and Python are both popular programming languages for data analysis, machine learning, and statistical computing. However, they have some similarities and differences.

Similarities:

• Both R and Python have a large and active community of developers and users.

• Both languages have a wide range of libraries and frameworks for data analysis, machine learning, and visualization.

• Both R and Python are open-source and have similar syntax and constructs, making it relatively easy for developers to switch between the two languages.

Differences:

• R is primarily focused on statistical computing and data visualization, while Python is a general-purpose programming language with a larger focus on software development.

• R has a more extensive set of libraries and tools specifically designed for data analysis and statistical computing, while Python has a larger set of libraries and frameworks for software development.

• R has a more concise and expressive syntax for data analysis, making it easier to work with data, while Python has more flexibility in terms of object-oriented programming and web development.

• Python has a wider range of use cases than R. R is mainly used in data science, statistics, and data visualization, while Python can be used in web development, data science, artificial intelligence, and more.

In summary, R and Python are both popular programming languages for data analysis, machine learning, and statistical computing, but they have some similarities and differences. R is more focused on data analysis and statistics, while Python is a more general-purpose programming language. R has a more extensive set of libraries for data analysis, and Python has a larger set of libraries for software development. Both languages have a large and active community of developers, and many developers are proficient in both R and Python.

Q2. Write and Explain Some of the Most Common Syntaxes in R? 

R is a powerful programming language for data analysis, statistics, and visualization. Here are some common syntaxes in R:

• Assigning variables: In R, variables can be assigned a value using the assignment operator <-. For example, x <- 5 assigns the value 5 to the variable x. You can also use = for assignment, for example, x = 5

• Vectors: Vectors are one-dimensional arrays of data in R. They can be created using the c() function, for example, x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) creates a vector of the integers 1 to 5.

• Data frames: Data frames are two-dimensional arrays of data in R. They can be created using the data.frame() function, for example, df <- data.frame(x = c(1, 2, 3), y = c("a", "b", "c")) creates a data frame with two columns, x and y.

• Subsetting: R allows you to extract specific elements from a vector or data frame using indexing. For example, x[2] returns the second element of the vector x.

• Control flow: R supports control flow statements such as if-else and for loops. For example, for(i in 1:5) {print(i)} will print the numbers from 1 to 5.

Q3. (a) How Do You Assign a Variable in R?

(b) List Some of the Best Packages For:

i. Data Visualization

ii. Data Mining

iii. Data Imputation 

a) To assign a variable in R, you can use the assignment operator <-. For example, x <- 5 assigns the value 5 to the variable x. You can also use = for assignment, for example, x = 5.

b) Here are some of the best packages for:

i. Data Visualization: ggplot2, lattice, plotly, rbokeh, leaflet, and ggvis

ii. Data Mining: caret, rpart, randomForest, arules, and e1071

iii. Data Imputation: VIM, Amelia, Hmisc, mice, and missForest