TOPICS COVERED

1.1 Intro. to networks, types of technologies, Network categories: LAN, MAN, WAN( Wireless/wired), Network software: concept of layers, Protocols, interfaces & services., Reference Models: OSI, TCP/IP & comparison, Concept of technologies

1.2 Physical layer: Bit rate, Baud rate, bandwidth, Transmission Impairments: Attenuation, Distortion, Noise; Data rate limits: Nyquist formula, Shannon Formula, Modulation & modems; Transmission Modes, Multiplexing: Frequency Division, Time Division, Wavelength Division.

1.3 Transmission Media and Switching: Twisted pair, coaxial, fiber optics, Wireless Transmission (radio, microwave & infrared); Message switching, Circuit Switching & Packet Switching.

TOPICS COVERED

2.1 Data Link Layer(Flow and Error Control): Design issues, Error Detection & Correction; Flow control & Error Control; Sliding Window Protocols, ARQ: Stop & Wait, Go Back n, Selective Repeat ; Examples of DLL protocols -HDLC, PPP;

2.2 Data Link Layer (Medium Access Sub layer) Channel Allocation; Random Access: ALOHA, CSMA protocols; Controlled Access: Polling, Reservation, Token Passing; Examples of IEEE standards (802.2,802.3, 802.4, 802.5), Basics of Wi-Fi (802.11).

2.3 Network Layer: Design issues, Logical Addressing: IPv4 & IPv6; Packet Formats & their comparison IPv4 & IPv6; Routing Algorithms: Distance Vector, Link State

TOPICS COVERED

3.1 Network Layer (Continue): Congestion Control: Principles of congestion control; Congestion prevention policies, Leaky bucket & Token Bucket Algorithms.

3.2 Transport Layer: Services provided to upper layers, Elements of Transport protocols. Addressing, Flow Control & buffering; Example Transport protocols: TCP, SCTCP & UDP.

3.3 Application Layer and Network Security: Domain Name System, Simple Network Management Protocol, Electronic Mail, World Wide Web, Basics of authentication, Public and Private Key Cryptography, Digital Signatures and Certificates, Firewalls.