Semester 8th
(Human Genetics-NEP)
Department of Human Genetics, Sri Pratap College, Srinagar
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Immunogenetics
This course introduces the fundamentals of immunology, beginning with the components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, the structure and properties of antigens and antibodies, and the roles of primary and secondary lymphoid organs. It also covers the basics of immunogenetics, focusing on the genetic control of immune function.
The second unit explores the genetics of immunoglobulins, detailing their structure, classes, and biological functions, along with the organization of immunoglobulin genes. Key mechanisms such as V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation, and class-switch recombination are explained to illustrate how antibody diversity is generated.
The final unit highlights the role of immunogenetics in health and disease, including the genetic regulation of cytokines and their receptors, the impact of TNF-α polymorphisms on autoimmune disease susceptibility, the influence of epigenetic modifications on immune regulation, and the immunogenetics of infectious diseases such as HIV.
Unit-wise Learning Modules
This course consists of three theory units and one practical unit (Course Credit: 3+1). You may access the complete course details through the link provided below.
Unit 4
Unit 4
Laboratory Component
Laboratory Component
Practical laboratory exercises to reinforce theoretical concepts
i. Demonstration of Lymphoid Organs
ii. Histological Study Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs Through Sildes or Photographs
iii. Blood Grouping (ABO and Rh Typing)
iv. Preparation of Blood Smear and Identification of Immune Cells
v. Demonstration of ElISA and Immunoelectrophoresis
Syllabus 8th Semester
Unit-I: Basics of Immunology (15 HOURS)
i. Introduction to the Immune System (Innate and Adaptive Immunity)
ii. Antigens and Antibodies – Structure and Properties
iii. Cells and Organs of the Immune System (Primary & Secondary Lymphoid Organs)
iv. Introduction to Immunogenetics – Genetic Control of Immune Function
Unit-II: Genetics of Immunoglobulins and Antibody Diversity (15 HOURS)
i. Immunoglobulin Structure, Classes (IgG, IgA, etc.) and Biological Functions
ii. Genetic Organization of Immunoglobulin Genes (Heavy and Light Chains)
iii. V(D)J Recombination and Generation of Antibody Diversity
iv. Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch Recombination
Unit-III: Immunogenetics in Health and Disease 15 HOURS)
i. Genetic Regulation of Cytokines and Receptors (e.g., TNF-α and TNF-R)
ii. TNF-α Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Autoimmune Diseases
iii. Epigenetic Modifications in Immune Regulation (e.g., DNA methylation, histone changes)
iv. Immunogenetics of Infectious Diseases (e.g., HIV)
UNIT IV: PRACTICALS (1CREDITS: 30 HOURS)
i. Demonstration of Lymphoid Organs
ii. Histological Study Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs Through Silde or Photographs
iii. Blood Grouping (ABO and Rh Typing)
iv. Preparation of Blood Smear and Identification of Immune Cells
v. Demonstration of ElISA and Immunoelectrophoresis
Books recommended:
i. Kuby Immunology : Punt, Stranford, Jones, Owen
ii. Cellular and Molecular Immunology: Abul K. Abbas, Andrew H. Lichtman, Shiv Pillai
iii. Paul's Fundamental Immunology: Edited by William E. Paul
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