The present unit is entitled "Chromosome" where we will explore some of the most fundamental aspects of molecular and cellular biology. We will begin with the basic structure of DNA, the genetic material that carries the instructions for life. From there, we will study how DNA is packaged into chromatin and how this chromatin further condenses to form chromosomes. Understanding the journey from DNA to chromosome will help us appreciate the organization of genetic material inside the cell.

We will also focus on the detailed structure of chromosomes, including their functional regions and variations. Finally, the unit covers the cell cycle, the orderly sequence of events by which cells grow and divide. Special emphasis will be placed on the two major types of cell division: mitosis, which ensures genetic stability by producing identical daughter cells, and meiosis, which introduces genetic diversity and is essential for sexual reproduction.

Through this unit, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of how genetic material is structured, organized, and faithfully transmitted from one generation of cells to the next.