🧬Biocode Explorer

Semester 4th

(Human Genetics-NEP)

Department of Human Genetics, Sri Pratap College, Srinagar

Protein Biosynthesis

Welcome to Semester 4 of the "Protein Biosynthesis" course. This semester aims is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular machinery involved in this essential biological process.

Throughout this semester, we will explore the nature of the genetic code, including its history, characteristics, and natural variations. We will delve into the structure and function of ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the role of tRNA in protein synthesis.

You will gain insights into the detailed mechanisms of translation, including post-translational modifications and the effects of antibiotics and toxins on protein synthesis. Practical sessions will complement theoretical knowledge, offering hands-on experience with techniques such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the study of protein structures.

Unit-wise Learning Modules

This course consists of three theory units and one practical unit (Course Credit: 3+1). You may access the complete course details through the link provided below.

Genetic Code

Unit1

Ribosome & tRNA

Unit 2

Translation I

Unit 3

Unit 4

Laboratory Component

Practical laboratory exercises to reinforce theoretical concepts

Framing of coding dictionary
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Principle)
Study of secondary structure of protein through model/chart (alpha helix, β pleated sheet)
Major categories and chemical structure of 20 amino acids found in living organisms

Enter into the Lab Course

Semester 4-NEP Syllabus

UNIT 1: Genetic Code

History of deciphering genetic code
Characteristics of genetic code
Wobble hypothesis
Natural variations in genetic code

UNIT 2: Ribosome and tRNA

Ribosome – Structure and chemical composition in prokaryotes
Ribosome – Structure and chemical composition in eukaryotes
rRNA genes – Role of nucleolus, Processing of rRNA in eukaryotes
tRNA: Structure and types, activation of tRNA

UNIT 3: Translation – I

Mechanism of translation in prokaryotes
Mechanism of translation in eukaryotes
Post-translation modification
Inhibition of protein synthesis (antibiotics and toxins)

Practical/Lab Course (30 Hrs)

Framing of coding dictionary
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Principle)
Study of secondary structure of protein through model/chart (alpha helix, β pleated sheet)
Major categories and chemical structure of 20 amino acids found in living organisms