Pedigree analysis or it can be simply called as a "family tree, has been considered as a crucial tool or method in genetics used to trace the inheritance patterns of genes within families. It involves constructing diagrams which are called "pedigrees" that depict the relationships among family members over generations, highlighting the presence or absence of particular traits or genetic conditions. 

Each generation is identified by a Roman numeral (I, II, III, and so on), and each individual within the same generation is identified by an Arabic numeral (1, 2, 3, and so on). 

Relationships in a pedigree are shown as a series of lines. Parents are connected by a horizontal line and a vertical line leads to their offspring. The offspring are connected by a horizontal sibship line and listed in birth order from left to right.