Andrew Neumann
AP Scholar, Musician, Teen Mental Health First Aid Certified
Email: andrew.neumann2006@gmail.com
Education is important to every parent, however, school may seem stressful to some. Many schools across the United States have started to cut music education from their schools and budgets to save money or to distribute that money elsewhere, a sport perhaps. My inquiry is if music education can lead to students responding better to simulated pressure in test-like environments.
If music is correlated to better reactions under stress, perhaps the schools will reinterpret their music education budget cuts or end them before they even happen. My thesis is that students and their education result in better control under pressure if they study music, whether it is band, choir, orchestra, or any other music class.
I am working on the problem of stressors and simulated pressures in student's lives specifically during timed tests. While studying the reaction to pressure on music participation and comprehension, band and choir are just a few of the many different courses that are part of music education around the country. Schools that have year-long music-based education and courses result in more students graduating with a better understanding and control of pressure than schools that do not provide or have defunded their music education. It has also been reported that students tend to have a self-diagnosis of anxiety due to the SAT and ACT requirements for certain colleges according to college application expert Elizabeth Heubeck from EducationWeek. Perhaps a study that investigates the correlation between music and simulated pressure by a semester survey that puts students under controlled simulated time pressure of three minutes could remedy this situation.
Schools that have year-long music-based education and courses result in more students graduating with a better understanding and control of pressure than schools that do not provide or have defunded their music education.
GPA
GPA is an acronym for the Grade Point Average. GPA is the system used for scoring a student in a particular class usually on a 0-4 scale
Pressure
Excessive or stressful demands, imagined or real, made on an individual to think, feel, or act in particular ways
Praxial Philosophy
The philosophy that emphasizes how music should be understood in specific cultural contexts through a grounded concept of music and music education.
Musicing
The contraction of music and making. It is used to express the five most important parts of music making: performing, improvising, composing, arranging, and conducting.
Neuropedagogy
Neuropedagogy is the study of the human brain; specifically the educational status and learning abilities.
Education
The act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally preparing oneself or others intellectually for a mature life.
Music
Music is an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through rhythm, melody, harmony, and color.
This research needed a well-developed survey to interview the students of the high schools that were used in my search. The survey will ask questions about their education, musical path, and test their common knowledge. This quiz was given to both music students and non-music students; this quiz asked questions regarding English, math, science, and history to see if music relates to their knowledge of other subjects. Then compare the progress of the two cohorts (music and non-music) in graphs and data charts.
Using the method of a survey via Google Forms, answers were gathered on core-subject questions under simulated time pressure. The results produced showed data that musicians scored a higher average of points within the time limit. Overall, implications for the field of study proposed that in a test-like environment, with a simulated time restraint, students with year-long music-based education perform at a higher level under stressful situations. This then leads to better control of time and pressure in musicians than students who do not have a history of music education. This could further exemplify the importance of music education and its role in the high school curriculum.
Results
Some successes in this project include the simulated time factor, the use of the Google Form gave effective results, and the results gave equal and roughly symmetrical data. This should continue to be studied including the limited time factor.
Starting a new test with a different amount of questions and a different time restriction could benefit how well the results were given. Some elements of the study could be adjusted to expand the research in the future; not giving the same amount of questions per subject for example.
The end survey did have one more question in the math category than any other subject studied.
This could lead to a skew in the data as it could affect how the subjects were scored. If the volunteers understand math better than other subjects it could give them an advantage in answering all the questions. Another next step in further examination of this study would be to broaden the sample size. To analyze a similar sample but with different demographics and backgrounds could show the importance of music programs.
Studying the student demographic at a higher intensity could impose a better understanding of how well each school does on their own tests. Taking examples from other schools might change the results, as all of the results collected come from only one school. If students from other schools had been included in this project, it could add more background and demographic information. Questions could be expanded for primary education as well.
Chafin, S., Roy, M., Gerin, W., & Christenfeld, N. (2010). Music can facilitate blood pressure recovery from stress. British Journal of Health Psychology, 9(3), 393–403. https://doi.org/10.1348/1359107041557020
Hedgecoth, D. M., & Major, M. (2018, June 7). Revisioning and reinstating: Music education after the Great Recession. Arts Education Policy Review; Taylor & Francis Online. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2018.1468838
Major, M. (2013, March 18). How They Decide: A Case Study Examining the Decision-Making Process for Keeping or Cutting Music in a K–12 Public School District. Journal of Research in Music Education; EBSCOhost. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429412474313
Vinnard, V. (2021). Music Education and its Crucial Role in Closing the Achievement Gap: Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 88(2), 11–13. EBSCOhost. https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4&sid=13d8e208-e46c-4881-967e-dcf9cf30987c%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=153490788&db=asn