Sæby historie i stikord og årstal

Cirka 1400

Sæby er blot en bebyggelse med få små gårde omkring Algade og Søndergade. Der opstår et sæsonpræget fiskerleje omkring åens munding og der opføres et Kapel her.

cirka 1450

Der opføres en romansk teglstenskirke i fiskerlejet. Kalkmalerier fra vendsysselske herremænd samt biskob Jakob (Jep) Friis.

1462-1472

Der opføres et kloster i Sæby. Biskop Jep Friis forærer sognekirken samt jorden mellem kirken og havnen til Karmelitermunkene - 32 munke - deres stole ses stadig i kirken med graffiti. 52 skibsbilleder m.v.

1524

Byen får købstadsprivelegium på foranledning af biskoppen i Børglum, Stygge Krumpen. Året efter får Sæby byret. Købstaden forbliver bispens ejendom.

Sidst i 1520'erne

Biskoppen i Børglum opfører sideskibet i kirken, Sct. Anna Kapellet, samt skænker altertavlen (oprindeligt fra Holland) med jomfru Maria som det centrale motiv og Jesu fødsel på sidefløjene.

1536

Reformationen. Klostret nedbrydes, bispen fængsles og købstden bliver kongelig og får selvstyre gennem en magistrat.

Omkring 1600

Havnen er i voldsom forfald. Byen er præget af generelle nedgangstider for de danske købstæder og konkurrencen fra handelspladsen i Fladstrand (Frederikshavn)

Strandgade er en udpræget bydel for søens folk, små huse.

1565

Det gamle hospital eller "Mogens Juels Hospital" - fatighjem, stiftet 1565.

"Det Gamle Hospital" - Den nuværende bygning er fra 1675. Bolig for 8 fattiglemmer.

Middelalderen

Det Gamle Rådhus - oprindelig placering for byens rådhus siden middelalderen. Den nuværende bygning er fra 1801 og var i brug indtil 1848.

Klostertorvet var byens centrale handelsplads siden middelalderen - den lå i nærhed til havnen. På torvet lå også tingstedet (domstol) under åben himmel, samt Kag'en, hvor lovovertrædere straffedes.

Algade er præget af større huse, handel og håndværk. I den vestlige ende er den præget af de helt store købmandsgårde.

1624

Hans Grams Gård - Byens ældste hus fra cirka 1624. Hans Gram var borgmester fra 1627, hans patriotiske handlinger under svenskerkrigene kostede byen dyrt.

1646-1709

Christen Lauridsen Rhuus var byens store købmand og mæcen, borgmester og første kgl. byfoged ved købstadsreformen 1680

1625

Konsul Ørums Gård fra cirka 1625 til 1750 var købmandsgård, bryggergård og arrest. Fra 1960 blev og bliver ejendommen brugt som museum

1640

Sæby Mølle - fra cirka 1640. Fra 1807 i slægtens Aabels eje

1712

Rhuus hospital - Stiftet i 1712, bolig for 4 fattiglemmer

1830

fra cirka 1830 var Fiskertorvet, krydset mellem Søndergade og Algade byens centrale torv og plads for handel og markeder.

1838

Apoteket opført 1838, byens første bygning i 2 etager siden renæssancen (1500-1600)

1848

Retfærdigheden - Domhus, arrest og politistation, opført som rådhus fra 1848

Snedkergården - Nu keramiker, butiksfacaden er tegnet og renoveret af Sæby-arkitekten Harald Nielsen, Bedre Byggeskik

Adda Ravnkildes hus eller byfogedgården. Forfatteren Adda Ravnkildes barndomshjem. Hendes far var byfoged. Adda (1862-1883) var spået en fremtid som en af det moderne gennembruds store kvindelige forfattere af blandt andet Georg Brandes. Skrev noveller og romaner om en ung piges ulykkelige eller umulige kærlighedsforhold. Hun tog sit eget liv i en alder af kun 21 år.

Midt 1800-tal

Vestergade - fra midten af 1800-tallet begyndte byen at vokse og sprænge de middelalderlige rammer. Vestergade er præget af huse i flere etager

Pindborggade er bagsiden af Vestergade, her var adgangsvejen, her lå værkstederne og industrierne ned til åen, forretningerne lå så på forsiden på Vestergade

1860

Store Torv eller Torvet, mellem Vestergade og Grønnegade blev fra 1860 byens torv. Mod nord ligger Hotel Harmonien, hvor blandt andre Henrik Ibsen boede under sit ophold i Sæby

1870

Folketælling 1870 - Sæby har 1.342 indbyggere

https://stadsarkiv.frederikshavn.dk/media/7468/1870-bemaerkning-og-forside-til-folketaellingen-for-saeby-koebstad.pdf

1881

Pavillon i Sæbygaard Skov, - Skovlyst er opført af borgerne i 1881, tegnet af arkitekt Henckel

1883

Kilden var Sæbys jernvandskur, 1883. Pavillonen er tegnet af arkitekten Ulrik Plesner

1890

Clasens Gård - Købmandsgård, byfogedgård fra cirka 1890.

I 1902 hjemsted for Herman Bang, der her skrev novellen "Sommerglæder" med flere. I haven samledes kunstnere og forfattere til liv og glade dage sammen med turisterne og det bedre borgerskab

1895

Sæby Kur og Badehotel, 1895 og "Villa Quisisana", Hans Abel

I 1883 fandt man i en udgravning ved Hans Aabels teglværk en vandkilde som viste sig at indeholde store mængder jern i vandet. Den lokale læge C. Ørum opdagede at det stor jernindhold var godt for patienter med jernmangel og i 1886 oprettes en komite som havde til opgave at finde kommercielle muligheder i kilden. Den kun 25 år gamle Ulrik Plesner (kendt for kongevillaen i Skagen og en af stifterne at bevægelsen Bedre bygge skik) fik opgaven med at bygge en pavillon til kilden som kunne fremhæve kilden og skjule det omkring liggende teglværk. Der blev opført det lille pensionat Quisisana (hvilket betyder "her bliver man sund") og efterfølgende kurhotellet. I 1895 gik Hans Aabel konkurs med hotellet. I 1908 besøgte Kong Frederik d. 8 Jernkilden og dette var med til at give stedet en vældig reklame i en kort periode, men jernkildens storhedstid var for nedadgående. I 1915 var det Christian X der besøgte stedet og måtte lægge krop til en smagsprøve. Man drak ofte vandet igennem et strå eller sugerør da vandet angiveligt var temligt hårdt ved tænderne. Kilden blev i næsten 40 år passet af Kilde-Sofie som døde i 1947. I er periode omkring 1906 og nogle år frem var der opført en lille kopi af pavillon på pladsen foran kilden sammen med det store udkiks tårn på toppen af bakken. I 1971 overtog Sæby kommune resterne af Jernkilden og bygningen er nu fredet. Bygningen fremstår i dag meget som den oprindelige pavillon fra 1888 uden vinduer. Kilde: "Sommerglæder i Sæby" m.fl

1899-1968

Jernbane mellem Sæby og Frederikshavn i perioden 1899 - 1968

1902

Sæby Turistforening dannes 1902 som den første i Vendsyssel

1916

Befolkningen i Sæby udgør nu 2.138 personer

Around 1400

Sæby is just a settlement with a few small farms around Algade and Søndergade. A seasonal fishing village develops around the mouth of the river and a chapel is built here.

Around 1450

A Romanesque brick church is built in the fishing village. Limestone paintings from Vendsyssel manors and Bishop Jakob (Jep) Friis.

1462-1472

A monastery is built in Sæby. Bishop Jep Friis gives the parish church and the land between the church and the harbour to the Carmelite monks - 32 monks - their chairs can still be seen in the church with graffiti. 52 ship pictures etc.

1524

The town receives a town charter at the request of the bishop of Børglum, Stygge Krumpen. The following year, Sæby is granted a town court. The town remains the property of the bishop.

Late 1520s

The bishop of Børglum builds the side nave of the church, Sct. Anna Chapel, and donates the altarpiece (originally from the Netherlands) with the Virgin Mary as the central motif and the birth of Jesus on the side wings.

1536

Reformation. The monastery is abolished, the bishop is imprisoned and the borough becomes royal and is given autonomy through a magistrate.

Around 1600

The port is in a state of serious disrepair. The town is marked by the general decline of Danish market towns and competition from the trading centre of Fladstrand (Frederikshavn).

Strandgade is a distinctive district for lake people, small houses.

1565

The old hospital or "Mogens Juels Hospital" - a poorhouse, founded 1565.

"The Old Hospital" - The present building is from 1675. Housing for 8 poor people.

Middle Ages

The Old Town Hall - original location of the town hall since the Middle Ages. The present building dates from 1801 and was in use until 1848.

Klostertorvet was the city's central trading place since the Middle Ages - it was located near the harbour. The square was also the location of the open-air court and the Kag, where offenders were punished.

Algade is characterised by larger houses, trade and crafts. At the western end, it is characterised by the very large merchants' farms.

1624

Hans Grams Gård - The town's oldest house from around 1624. Hans Gram was mayor from 1627, his patriotic actions during the Swedish wars cost the town dearly.

1646-1709

Christen Lauridsen Rhuus was the town's great merchant and patron, mayor and first royal. town bailiff at the town reform of 1680

1625

Consul Ørums Gård from about 1625 to 1750 was a merchant's farm, brewery and prison. From 1960 the property was and is used as a museum

1640

Sæby Mill - from around 1640. From 1807 in the possession of the Aabel family.

1712

Rhuus hospital - Founded in 1712, housing for 4 paupers

1830

From around 1830, Fiskertorvet, the intersection of Søndergade and Algade, was the town's central square and place for trade and markets.

1838

Pharmacy built in 1838, the city's first two-storey building since the Renaissance (1500-1600)

1848

Justice - courthouse, prison and police station, built as town hall from 1848

Snedkergården - Now a ceramics workshop, the shop front was designed and renovated by Sæby architect Harald Nielsen, Bedre Byggeskik

Adda Ravnkilde's house or town bailiff's farm. The author Adda Ravnkilde's childhood home. Her father was a town bailiff. Adda (1862-1883) was predicted to be one of the great female writers of the modern breakthrough by Georg Brandes and others. Wrote short stories and novels about a young girl's unhappy or impossible love affair. She took her own life at the age of 21.

Mid-19th century

Vestergade - from the mid-1800s the town began to grow and disrupt its medieval surroundings. Vestergade is characterised by multi-storey houses

Pindborggade is the back of Vestergade, this was the access road, this was where the workshops and industries were located down to the river, the shops were then located at the front of Vestergade

1860

Store Torv or Torvet, between Vestergade and Grønnegade became the town square from 1860. To the north is Hotel Harmonien, where Henrik Ibsen stayed during his stay in Sæby.

1870

Census 1870 - Sæby has 1,342 inhabitants

https://stadsarkiv.frederikshavn.dk/media/7468/1870-bemaerkning-og-forside-til-folketaellingen-for-saeby-koebstad.pdf

1881

Pavilion in Sæbygaard Skov, - Skovlyst was built by the citizens in 1881, designed by architect Henckel

1883

The source was Sæby's iron water shed, 1883. The pavilion was designed by the architect Ulrik Plesner

1890

Clasens Gård - Merchant's farm, town bailiff's farm from around 1890.

In 1902 home to Herman Bang, who wrote the short story "Summer Clothes" and others here. In the garden artists and writers gathered for life and happy days together with tourists and the better bourgeoisie.

1895

Sæby Kur og Badehotel, 1895 and "Villa Quisisana", Hans Abel

In 1883, a water source was found in an excavation at Hans Aabel's brickworks, which turned out to contain large amounts of iron in the water. The local doctor C. Ørum discovered that the high iron content was good for patients with iron deficiency and in 1886 a committee was set up to find commercial possibilities in the spring. Ulrik Plesner (known for the royal villa in Skagen and one of the founders of the Better Building Movement), only 25 years old, was given the task of building a pavilion for the spring that would highlight the spring and hide the surrounding brickworks. The small boarding house Quisisana (which means "here you get healthy") was built, followed by the spa hotel. In 1895 Hans Aabel went bankrupt with the hotel. In 1908 King Frederik VIII visited the Iron Spring and this helped to give the place a great deal of publicity for a short period, but the Iron Spring's heyday was too declining. In 1915 it was Christian X who visited the place and had to lay down his body for a taste. The water was often drunk through a straw or straw as it was said to be rather hard on the teeth. The spring was looked after for almost 40 years by Kilde-Sofie, who died in 1947. Around 1906 and for some years after, a small replica of the pavilion was built in the square in front of the spring, together with the large spire tower on top of the hill. In 1971 Sæby municipality took over the remains of Jernkilden and the building is now protected. Today the building looks very much like the original pavilion from 1888 without windows. Source: "Sommerglæder i Sæby" and others

1899-1968

Railway between Sæby and Frederikshavn in the period 1899 - 1968

1902

Sæby Tourist Association is formed in 1902 as the first in Vendsyssel

1916

The population of Sæby is now 2,138

Links:

Nordjyllands Kystmuseum: "Sæby – en af Danmarks mådeligste flækker" af Jens Thidemann
http://www.kystmuseet.dk/fileadmin/Arkiv/Dokumenter/Saeby_-_en_af_Danmarks_maadeligste_flaekker_c_.pdf
Kystmuseet: Historiestien - en guidet tur gennem by og skov (Sæby)
http://www.kystmuseet.dk/fileadmin/Arkiv/Dokumenter/Historiestien-lav.pdf

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