What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis (Greek for “staying the same”) is a process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that helps the body maintain homeostasis. It is located in the brain just above the brain stem and is a group of neurons that forms the primary link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. This small part of the brain is responsible for regulating many key body processes including internal body temperature, hunger, thirst, blood pressure, and daily (circadian) rhythms.

Most body systems maintain homeostasis by using positive or negative feedback mechanisms. When the brain receives messages from the body about an internal change in one of its systems, it works to restore the system to its normal state.