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Complete the "Quiz" in the animation to check your understanding.
Possible Exam Questions.... 6 marks....can you answer these?
Possible Exam Questions.... 6 marks....can you answer these?
Distinguish between the two phases of Meiosis.
Distinguish between the two phases of Meiosis.
Distinguish between Meiosis and Mitosis.
Distinguish between Meiosis and Mitosis.
Chromosomes replicate in interphase before meiosis
Chromosomes replicate in interphase before meiosis
Homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis I
Homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis I
Sister chromatids separate in meiosis II
Sister chromatids separate in meiosis II
Independent assortment of genes is due to the random orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I
Independent assortment of genes is due to the random orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I
Chiasmata formation between non-sister chromatids can result in an exchange of alleles
Chiasmata formation between non-sister chromatids can result in an exchange of alleles
Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids
Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids
Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells
Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells
The final outcome of meiosis is the production of four haploid daughter cells
- These cells may all be genetically distinct if crossing over occurs in prophase I (causes recombination of sister chromatids)
Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids
Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids
When chiasmata form between bivalents in prophase I, DNA can be exchanged between non-sister homologous chromatids
This exchange of genetic material is called crossing over and produces new allele combinations on the chromosomes
These chromosomes that consist of genetic material from both homologues are called recombinant chromosomes
Crossing over results in new combinations of alleles in haploid cells and thus increases the genetic diversity of potential offspring
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes become connected in a process known as synapsis
- The connected homologues are known as a bivalent (bi = two chromosomes) or a tetrad (tetra = four chromatids)
- The chromosomes are connected by a protein-RNA complex called the synaptonemal complex
Chiasmata are X-shaped points of attachment between two non-sister chromatids of a homologous pair
Chiasmata form as a result of crossing over and hence non-sister chromatids should show an exchange of genetic material
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