Essentials:
Charts to do at home this week: H, P, Q (remember on chart Q.. there is a formatting problem on diagramming participles. It should be a curved line like the example page I handed out in class)
Compound - Complex sentences - must have at least TWO independent clauses and at least ONE subordinate (dependent) clause. It is a combination of the structures compound and complex. They are joined together usually by a FANBOYS (coordinating conjunction) but also can be joined together by a conjunctive adverbs (review the list on Chart H) and see below for more information.
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are also used to combine compound subjects, verbs, direct objects, etc. Please see week 21 Essentials guide for examples on how to diagram these compound examples.
Coordinating Conjunctions - join independent clauses and other words, phrases, clauses FANBOYS - Punctuation tip -when joining two independent clauses, place a comma after the first clause and before the conjunction
Subordinating conjunctions - start of adverbial subordinate clauses. WWW.ASIA.WUB - Want to know more subordinating conjunctions besides www.asia.wub? Check out this website - http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/subordinateconjunction.htm (website also goes over punctuation tips!)
Conjunctive Adverbs
http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/conjunctions/conjunctive-adverbs/
Correlative Conjunctions
Khan Academy Grammar - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R74Ly00UygU
http://speakspeak.com/resources/english-grammar-rules/conjunctions/correlative
Verbals!!
Verbals are verbs that wear many hats. The three verbals that we will cover in the upcoming weeks are infinitives, gerunds, and participles.
Definition: A verbal is a form of a verb that performs the functiion of an adjective, noun or adjective.
This week we covered infinitives. An infinitive is "to" plus a verb used as a noun, adjective or adverb.
Examples:
Acting as a NOUN - To help children is my goal. What is my goal? To help children (infin. phrase as the subject). What is being said about "to help children?" Is (verb linking). No direct object. Can goal replace or describe To help children? Yes - replace. Goal is the PN. Within the infinitive phrase "to help children", we have a direct object - children. It answers the question "To help what?"
Acting as an ADJECTIVE - I need a new book to read. Who needs a new book to read? I (subject). What is being said about I? Need (verb transitive) Need what ? book (DO) What kind of book? a book to read (to read - infinitive phrase acting as an adjective)
Acting as a an ADVERB - We came to help. Who came? We (Subject pronoun) What is being said about we? We came (verb intransitive) We came WHY (adverb question)? We came to help. (To help is an infinitive phrase acting as an adverb.