Gender
- Anderson, Bonnie S. Joyous Greetings: The First International Women’s Movement, 1830-1860. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
- Barker, Nancy Nichols. Distaff Diplomacy: The Empress Eugénie and the Foreign Policy of the Second Empire. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2011.
- Sklar, Kathryn Kish, and James Brewer Stewart. Women’s Rights and Transatlantic Antislavery in the Era of Emancipation. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.
- Stevenson, Sara Yorke. Maximilian in Mexico: A Woman’s Reminiscences of the French Intervention, 1862–1867. New York: The Century Co., 1899.