Diplomacy

  • Adams, Charles Francis. Trans-Atlantic Historical Solidarity. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913.
  • Alvarez, David J. “The Papacy in the Diplomacy of the American Civil War.” The Catholic Historical Review 69, no. 2 (April 1983): 227–48.
  • Atkins, G. Pope, and Larman Curtis Wilson. The Dominican Republic and the United States: From Imperialism to Transnationalism. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.
  • Bandeira, Moniz. Presença Dos Estados Unidos No Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2007.
  • Barker, Nancy Nichols. Distaff Diplomacy: The Empress Eugénie and the Foreign Policy of the Second Empire. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2011.
  • Berwanger, Eugene H. The British Foreign Service and the American Civil War. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1994.
  • Blackett, R. J. M. Divided Hearts: Britain and the American Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.
  • Blumberg, Arnold. The Diplomacy of the Mexican Empire, 1863-1867. Malabar: Krieger, 1987.
  • ———. “The Italian Diplomacy of the Mexican Empire, 1864-1867.” Hispanic American Historical Review 51, no. 3 (August 1971): 497–509.
  • Blumenthal, Henry. A Reappraisal of Franco-American Relations, 1830–1871. Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1959.
  • ———. “Confederate Diplomacy : Popular Notions and International Realities.” Journal of Southern History 32, no. 4 (May 1966): 151–71.
  • ———. France and the United States: Their Diplomatic Relation,1789–1914. Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 1970.
  • Bock, Carl H. Prelude to Tragedy: The Negotiation and Breakdown of the Tripartite Convention of London, October 31, 1861. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1966.
  • Bourne, Kenneth, and Donald Cameron Watt, eds. British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print. Frederick: University Publications of America, 1986.
  • Brauer, Kinley J. “British Mediation and the American Civil War: A Reconsideration.” Journal of Southern History 38, no. 1 (February 1972): 49–64.
  • ———. “Seward’s ‘Foreign War Panacea’: An Interpretation.” New York History 55, no. 136 (1974): 145–47.
  • Callahan, James Morton. The Diplomatic History of the Southern Confederacy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1901.
  • Carroll, Daniel B. Henri Mercier and the American Civil War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.
  • Case, Lynn Marshall, and Warren F. Spencer. The United States and France: Civil War Diplomacy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1970.
  • Cortada, James W. Spain and the American Civil War: Relations at Mid-Century, 1855-1868. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1980.
  • Crook, D. P. Diplomacy During the American Civil War. New York: Wiley, 1975.
  • ———. The North, the South, and the Powers, 1861–1865. New York: Wiley, 1974.
  • Cunningham, Michele. Mexico and the Foreign Policy of Napoleon III. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
  • Daddysman, James W. The Matamoros Trade: Confederate Commerce, Diplomacy, and Intrigue. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1984.
  • De Leon, Edwin, and William C. Davis. Secret History of Confederate Diplomacy Abroad. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005.
  • Dew, Charles B. Apostles of Disunion: Southern Secession Commissioners and the Causes of the Civil War. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2001.
  • Dubrulle, Hugh. “‘We Are Threatened with...Anarchy and Ruin’: Fear of Americanization and the Emergence of an Anglo-Saxon Confederacy in England during the American Civil War.” Albion 33, no. 4 (December 2001): 583–613.
  • Ferris, Nathan L. “The Relations of the United States with South America during the American Civil War.” Hispanic American Historical Review 21, no. 1 (February 1941): 51–78.
  • Ferris, Norman B. Desperate Diplomacy: William H. Seward’s Foreign Policy, 1861. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1976.
  • ———. The Trent Affair: A Diplomatic Crisis. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1977.
  • Foreman, Amanda. A World on Fire: Britain’s Crucial Role in the American Civil War. New York: Random House, 2011.
  • Frazer, Robert W. “Latin-American Projects to Aid Mexico During the French Intervention.” Hispanic American Historical Review 28, no. 3 (1948): 377–88.
  • Galeana, Patricia, ed. Presencia internacional de Juárez. Mexico City: Centro de Estudios de Historia de México Carso, 2008.
  • Galindo y Galindo, Miguel. La Gran Década Nacional, O, Relación Histórica de La Guerra de Reforma, Intervención Extranjera Y Gobierno Del Archiduque Maximiliano, 1857-1867. Mexico City: Instituto Cultural Helénico, n.d.
  • Go, Julian. Patterns of Empire: The British and American Empires, 1688 to the Present. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
  • Gobat, Michel. “The Invention of Latin America: A Transnational History of Anti-Imperialism, Democracy, and Race.” American Historical Review, December 2013, 1345–75.
  • Goldwert, Marvin. “Matías Romero and Congressional Opposition to Seward’s Policy toward the French Intervention in Mexico.” The Americas 22, no. 1 (July 1965): 22–40.
  • Gray, Walter Dennis. Interpreting American Democracy in France: The Career of Édouard Laboulaye, 1811–1883. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1994.
  • Greenberg, Amy S. A Wicked War: Polk, Clay, Lincoln, and the 1846 U.S. Invasion of Mexico. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.
  • Gurza Lavalle, Gerardo. Una Vecindad Efímera: Los Estados Confederados de América Y Su Política Exterior Hacia México, 1861-1865. Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. Jose Ma. Luis Mora, 2001.
  • Hendrickson, David C. Union, Nation, or Empire: The American Debate Over International Relations, 1789-1941. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2009.
  • Hoskins, Halford L. “French Views of the Monroe Doctrine and the Mexican Expedition.” Hispanic American Historical Review 4, no. 4 (November 1921): 677–89.
  • Hubbard, Charles M. The Burden of Confederate Diplomacy. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1998.
  • Irby, James. Backdoor at Bagdad: The Civil War on the Rio Grande. El Paso: Texas Western Press, 1977.
  • Jacobs, Kenneth R. “The Confederate Diplomatic Missions to Mexico of John T. Pickett and Juan A. Quintero 1861-1865.” Hardin-Simmons University, 1970.
  • Jenkins, Brian. Britain and the War for the Union. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1974.
  • Jones, Howard. Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom: The Union and Slavery in the Diplomacy of the Civil War. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999.
  • ———. Blue & Gray Diplomacy: A History of Union and Confederate Foreign Relations. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010.
  • ———. Union in Peril: The Crisis Over British Intervention in the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.
  • Karp, Matthew Jason. “‘This Vast Southern Empire’ the South and the Foreign Policy of Slavery, 1833--1861.” Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, 2011.
  • Kelly, Patrick J. “The North American Crisis of the 1860s.” Journal of the Civil War Era 2, no. 3 (February 2012): 337–68.
  • LaFeber, Walter. The New Empire: An Interpretation of American Expansion, 1860-1898. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998.
  • Ludlow, Leonor. “La Disputa Financiera Por El Imperio de Maximiliano Y Los Proyectos de Fundación de Instituciones de Crédito (1863-1867).” Historia Mexicana 47, no. 4 (1998): 765–805.
  • Mattson, Gregory. “Pariah Diplomacy: The Slavery Issue in Confederate Foreign Relations.” PhD diss., University of Southern Mississippi, 1999.
  • Miller, Robert Ryal. “Matías Romero: Mexican Minister to the United States During the Juarez-Maximilian Era.” Hispanic American Historical Review 45, no. 2 (May 1965): 228–45.
  • Monaghan, Jay. Abraham Lincoln Deals with Foreign Affairs: A Diplomat in Carpet Slippers. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997.
  • Myers, Phillip E. Caution and Cooperation: The American Civil War in British-American Relations. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2008.
  • Owsley, Frank L. King Cotton Diplomacy: Foreign Relations of the Confederate States of America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1931.
  • Prior, David. “Crete the Opening Wedge’: Nationalism and International Affairs in Postbellum America.” Journal of Social History 42, no. 3 (June 2009): 861–87.
  • Ridley, Jasper Godwin. Lord Palmerston. New York: Dutton, 1971.
  • Robertson, William Spence. “The Tripartite Treaty of London.” Hispanic American Historical Review 20, no. 2 (May 1940): 167–89.
  • Romero, Matías. A Mexican View of America in the 1860s: A Foreign Diplomat Describes the Civil War and Reconstruction. Edited by Thomas David Schoonover. Teaneck: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1991.
  • Sainlaude, Stève. La France et La Confédération Sudiste, 1861-1865: La Question de La Reconnaissance Diplomatique Pendant La Guerre de Sécession. Paris: Harmattan, 2011.
  • ———. Le Gouvernement Impérial et La Guerre de Sécession (1861-1865): L’action Diplomatique. Paris: L’Harmattan, 2011.
  • Saul, Norman E. Distant Friends: The United States and Russia, 1763-1867. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1991.
  • Schoen, Brian. The Fragile Fabric of Union: Cotton, Federal Politics, and the Global Origins of the Civil War. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.
  • Schoonover, Thomas D. Dollars Over Dominion: The Triumph of Liberalism in Mexican-United States Relations, 1861–1867. Baton Rouge: LSU Press, 1978.
  • ———. Mexican Lobby: Matías Romero in Washington, 1861–67. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1986.
  • Schoonover, Thomas David. “Confederate Diplomacy and the Texas-Mexican Border, 1861-1865.” East Texas Historical Journal 11 (Spring 1973): 33–39.
  • ———. The United States in Central America, 1860-1911: Episodes of Social Imperialism and Imperial Rivalry in the World System. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991.
  • Sears, Louis Martin. “A Confederate Diplomat at the Court of Napoleon III.” American Historical Review 26, no. 2 (February 1921): 255–81.
  • ———. John Slidell. Durham: Duke University Press, 1925.
  • Sexton, Jay. Debtor Diplomacy: Finance and American Foreign Relations in the Civil War Era, 1837-1873. Oxford: Clarendon, 2005.
  • ———. The Monroe Doctrine: Empire and Nation in Nineteenth-Century America. New York: Hill and Wang, 2011.
  • Sowle, Patrick. “A Reappraisal of Seward’s Memorandum of April 1, 1861, to Lincoln.” Journal of Southern History 33 (May 1967): 234–39.
  • Stahr, Walter. Seward: Lincoln’s Indispensable Man. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2012.
  • Steele, E. D. Palmerston and Liberalism, 1855-1865. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
  • Stern, Philip Van Doren. When the Guns Roared: World Aspects of the American Civil War. New York: Doubleday, 1965.
  • Taylor, John. William Henry Seward: Lincoln’s Right Hand. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
  • The Union, the Confederacy, and the Atlantic Rim. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1995.
  • Thompson, Jerry D. Cortina: Defending the Mexican Name in Texas. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2007.
  • Trefousse, Hans Louis. Carl Schurz: A Biography. New York: Fordham University Press, 1998.
  • Tyrner-Tyrnauer, A. R. Lincoln and the Emperors. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1962.
  • Van Deusen, Glyndon G. William Henry Seward. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967.
  • Warren, Gordon H. Fountain of Discontent: The Trent Affair and Freedom of the Seas. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1981.
  • Weeks, William Earl, Walter LaFeber, Akira Iriye, and Warren I. Cohen, eds. The New Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
  • Welles, Sumner. Naboth’s Vineyard: The Dominican Republic 1844-1924. New York: Arno Press, 1972.
  • Winks, Robin W. The Civil War Years: Canada and the United States. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1998.