Error Correction
Error Correction
Embedded Files
What is Error Correction?
Error Correction is the response to student's linguistic errors made during the lesson.
It provides the necessary information to understand the correct linguistic concept or rule.
Why do we need to correct errors?
Correcting errors helps students in the following ways:
a. To increase awareness
Correction helps students understand their current competency and areas which need improvement.
b. To promote improvement
Correction helps students improve specific areas and promotes progress.
c. To encourage self-correction
Students correcting themselves proves learning and improvement.
ERROR VS MISTAKE
ERROR
ERROR
⦿ An error is committed due to the student's lack of knowledge
⦿ Student cannot self-correct errors when pointed out.
MISTAKE
MISTAKE
⦿ A mistake is committed due to the student's lack of attention, carelessness, etc.
⦿ Student can self-correct mistakes when pointed out.
How do we correct students' errors?
We can follow the Notice-Correct-Repeat (NCR) Method in correcting the student. NCR is a RareJob technique in correcting errors.
NOTICE
NOTICE
Call the attention of the student to make them aware of the error
CORRECT
CORRECT
Correct and emphasize the correction
REPEAT
REPEAT
Ask the student to repeat the correct form
Follow the correct chat box format when correcting the student's errors.
Grammar
You said:
Correct:
Pronunciation
word [pruh-nuhn-see-EY-shuhn]
The manner of correcting errors would still depend on the level of the students. The higher the level, the higher the tendency for them to self-correct.
When to correct the students' errors?
IMMEDIATE
IMMEDIATE
⦿ This is done when the student focuses on accuracy (having or following a correct form).
⦿ Correct immediately to make students aware of their lapses and avoid fossilizing their errors.
DELAYED
DELAYED
⦿ This is done when the student focuses on fluency (speaking smoothly without pauses or fillers).
⦿ Delay corrections to avoid interrupting the student while they convey their ideas or opinions.
To know whether the correction should be immediate or delayed, check the following:
1. Student's preference as indicated in the Student's Details (Tutoring Notes)
2. Type of lesson (grammar, pronunciation, etc. vs. conversation questions, free conversation, etc.)
3. Type of activity (activities that check form – fill-in-the-blank, multiple choice, etc. vs. activities that focus on “production” – Q&A, roleplay, etc.)
ACTIVITY
Choose whether the activities' error correction should be IMMEDIATE or DELAYED.
ERROR CORRECTION TECHNIQUES
Explicit Correction
Explicit Correction
The correct form is provided by the tutor.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: It's not "are go", but "are going".
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
Repetition
Repetition
To elicit the correct form, the wrong utterance is repeated (partially or entirely). This repetition is suggested to be accompanied by an intonation emphasizing the error in a question form.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: My friends ARE GO swimming tonight?
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
Elicitation
Elicitation
Repetition of the student's utterance up to the point where the error was committed. Self-correction is promoted.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: My friends are?
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
Recast
Recast
The teacher will repeat the error to the student in a corrected form.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: My friends ARE GOING swimming tonight.
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
Clarification Request
Clarification Request
When the student's utterance has an error and a clarification is requested.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: Sorry, what do you mean?
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
Metalinguistic Feedback
Metalinguistic Feedback
The tutor provides questions and/or comments based on the student's error without providing the correct form. Self-correction is promoted.
Student: My friends are go swimming tonight.
Tutor: Please change go to the present continuous tense.
Student: My friends are going swimming tonight.
WHICH ERROR CORRECTION TECHNIQUE SHOULD WE USE FOR...
BEGINNER ADULTS
BEGINNER ADULTS
Explicit Correction or Repetition
⦿ Beginner adult students need to understand the logic or explanation behind the correction provided, thus, explicit correction is encouraged.
⦿ Beginner students, need explicit or noticeable cues from tutors during error correction, thus, explicit correction and repetition are encouraged.
INTERMEDIATE ADULTS
INTERMEDIATE ADULTS
Recast, Metalinguistic Feedback, Clarification Request, or Elicitation
⦿ Intermediate and Advanced students should take active part in the learning process more. Recast, Clarification Request, and Elicitation encourage students to think more or self-correct.
⦿ Metalinguistic Feedback involves the use of technical terms when providing corrections, using these may confuse beginner students.
TEENS
TEENS
(13-18 YEARS OLD)
(13-18 YEARS OLD)
Elicitation and Explicit Correction
⦿ Young Learner Teens need to understand the logic or explanation behind the correction provided, thus, explicit correction is encouraged.
⦿ Intermediate Young Learner Teens should take active part in the learning process more. Elicitation encourages students to think more or self-correct.
KIDS
KIDS
(6-12 YEARS OLD)
(6-12 YEARS OLD)
Recast
The focus when teaching kids is to conduct "fun" lessons. Providing explicit correction may discourage YL-Kids students to continue learning English.
ACTIVITY
What are the three (3) key points in correcting the students' errors?
Notice - let the student know what is the error
Correct - let the student see and understand the correction
Repeat - let the student repeat the correction
Match the Error Correction techniques to its definition.
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Output 3.1: Error Correction
Output 3.1: Error Correction
Listen carefully to the recording and identify which grammar and pronunciation errors should be corrected.
Attach an audio recording of you correcting the student's grammar and pronunciation using Notice-Correct-Repeat (NCR) Method
Recording
Recording
Remember to follow the correct format for the file names of your output!
MMDDYY_Your TID_Your Tutor Nickname_Output #
12052022_123456_Juan.DC_3.1.1
12052022_123456_Juan.DC_3.1.2
You may check the guide on how you can submit your module output here.
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