Показателни наречия
there там
here тук
Показателните наречия there и here образуват следните безлични изрази в комбинация с глагола to be:
а) here is/here are – за единствено и множествено число. Тези изрази се превеждат ето, ето го/ги.
Here are my classmates. - Ето ги съучениците ми.
Here is your pen. - Ето (я) химикалката ти.
б) there is/there are – за единствено и множествено число. Тези изрази означават има. Те не говорят за притежание, а показват, че нещо го има някъде (намира се там). В тях показателното наречие there изпълнява ролята на безличен подлог и не се превежда самостоятелно.
There is an apple on the table. - Има ябълка на масата.
There are lockers in the corridor. - Има шкафчета в коридора.
Отрицанието се образува като прибавим частицата not към формите на глагола to be, а въпросът - чрез инверсия.
There aren’t students in the classroom. – Няма ученици в класната стая.
Is there a workbook on the desk? – Има ли тертрадка на чина?
Примери:
There is a tennis racket.
There are three tennis balls.
There is a golf club.
There are two golf balls.
There is a soccer ball.
There are nine balls.
Prepositions of place
Предлози за място
in в, във behind зад
on на, върху in front of пред
at до opposite срещу
under под near близо (до)
above над next to до, в съседство
Примери:
There is a stopwatch next to the dumbbells.
There are two dumbbells between the stopwatch and the scale.
There is a stopwatch near the scale.
There are dumbbells behind the meter.
There are boxing gloves under the stop-watch.
There is a meter in the center.
There is a ball above the whistle.
There is a skipping rope in front of the meter.
There is a mat on the floor.
Exercise 1.
Напишете положителни и отрицателни изречения с думите в скобите като използвате There is/There are.
Пример: (two cars) There are two cars. There aren't two cats.
1. (a pen and two pencils)
…………………………………………………………
2. (a student at the desk)
…………………………………………………………
3. (three pictures in the album)
…………………………………………………………
4. (flowers in the garden)
…………………………………………………………
5. (car in the street)
…………………………………………………………
6. (a sandwich in the box)
…………………………………………………………
7. (apples on the table)
…………………………………………………………
8. (a shower in the bathroom)
…………………………………………………………
Exercise 2.
Преведете предлозите и след това изреченията.
There is a bed …в……. the room.
The pyjamas are …на…… the bed.
There are slippers …под……. the chair.
The book and the pencil are ……на…. the desk.
The desk is …точно до……. the window.
There is another book …близо до…….. the bed.
There is a picture ……над……. the bed.
The bed is ……срещу…….. the door.
Exercise 3.
Задайте въпроси с Is there...?/Are there...?:
1. (moonlight/at night)
___________________________________________________
2. (a garage/near the house)
___________________________________________________
3. (clouds/in the sky)
___________________________________________________
4. (a swimming pool/in the hotel)
___________________________________________________
5. (crazy people/in the office)
___________________________________________________
6. (ham and cheese/in the pizza)
___________________________________________________
7. (a dog/at the door)
___________________________________________________
8. (hungry people/in the restaurant)
___________________________________________________
9. (electricity)
___________________________________________________
HAVE GOT/ HAS GOT
Имам
Един от начините да се покаже на притежание в английския език е изразът have got.
I have a car. = I have got a car. = I’ve got a car.
I don’t have a car. = I haven’t got a car.
Do you have a car? = Have you got a car?
They have got a new house.
They have not got a new house.
Have they got a new house?
He has a dog. = He has got a dog.
He doesn’t have a dog. = He hasn’t got a dog.
Does he have a dog? = Has he got a dog?
She has got a cat.
She has not got a cat.
Has she got a cat?
Много често в разговорния английски, а и не само в него, се използват кратките фроми, които са:
I’ve got a new car. We’ve got a new car.
You’ve got a new car. You’ve got a new car.
He’s got a new car. They’ ve got a new car.
She’s got a new car.
It’s got a new car.
Exercise 4.
Попълнете изреченията с have got, haven’t got, has got или hasn’t got.
1. Lily is a little child. She ………………… many problems.
2. ………….. you ……………. a car?
3. They are busy. They ………………….. much time.
4. He ………………… a new fellow-student. He is from France.
5. Maria likes riding and she ………………… a new bicycle.
6. My father doesn’t study. He ……………….. exams.
7. We study at university. We ……………...... lectures every day.
8. I want to go to that concert but I …………………. a ticket.
9. Peter is a man. He ………………….. make-up.
10. I have to go to the office. I ………………… much work.
11. ………….. she …………….. news from her friends?
12. They live in a house and they ………………….. an attic.
Exercise 5.
Направете въпросителни изречения.
1. (you/house) Have you got a house?
2. (she/car) ___________________________________
3. (we/room) ___________________________________
4. (he/bed) ___________________________________
5. (they/fridge) ___________________________________
6. (you/brother) ___________________________________
7. (it/place) ___________________________________
8. (Dave/flat) ___________________________________
9. (I/a new coach) ___________________________________
10. (room/balcony) ___________________________________
Притежание – за хора
This is Tom’s car. Това е колата на Том.
Tom’s = на Том
This is my friend’s house.
Това е къщата на моята приятелка.
Внимание!
За множествено число – само апостроф без S
Това е къщата на моите приятели.
This is my friends’ house.
Това са топките на момчетата.
These are the boys’ balls.
Това са къщите на Том и Мери.
These are Tom and Mery’s houses.
Притежание - за предмети
Врата на стаята
The door of the room
Градината на къщата
The garden of the house
Exercise 6.
Довършете изреченията с правилната форма за притежание. Изпозвайте 's, s' или of:
1. Do you like _______________________? (Jim/car)
2. Do you know ______________________? (this cafe/name)
3. When is __________________________? (Nick/birthday)
4. I don't like ________________________. (soup/taste)
5. I can't stand ______________________. (garlic/smell)
6. Can you tell me ____________________? (Mike/address)
7. How do you find ___________________? (my hat/colour)
8. Is it _____________________________? (men/work)
9. What is __________________________? (tourists/menu)
10. Do you like _______________________? (my parents/cat)
11. What is __________________________? (bacon/price)
12. Turn left at _______________________? (street/end)