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FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
(a) According to the weather report, it will be cloudy next week.
(b) According to the weather report, it is going to be cloudy tomorrow.
(c) I talked to Bob yesterday. He is tired of taking the bus to work. He’s going to buy a car. That’s what he told me.
(d) The phone is ringing. I’ll get it.
When a speaker is making a prediction, either will or be going to is possible.
When a speaker is expressing a prior plan, only be going to is used.
In (d) the speaker is not making a prediction. He has made no prior plan to answer the phone. He uses will to show his willingness.
The future continuous expresses an activity that will be in progress at a time in the future.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
(a) I will begin to study at seven. You will come at eight. I will be studying when you come.
(b) Right now I am studying in class. At this same time tomorrow, I will be studying in class.
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
(a) I will graduate in June. I will see you in July. By the time I see you, I will have graduated.
(b) I will have finished my homework by the time I go out on a date tonight.
The future perfect expresses an activity that will be completed before another time or event in the future.
Note: by the time introduces a time clause, the present simple is used in a time clause.
The future perfect continuous emphasizes the duration of an activity that will be in progress before another time or event in the future.
Sometimes the future perfect and the future perfect continuous have the same meaning.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
(a) I will go to bed at ten P.M. Tom will get home at midnight. At midnight I will be sleeping. I will have been sleeping for two hours by the time Tom gets home.
(b) When Professor Jones retires next month, he will have taught for 45 years.
(c) When Professor Jones retires next month, he will have been teaching for 45 years.
Exercise 1.
Will vs. to be going to
1. Sue __________(graduate) in June. After that, she ________(begin) work at an electronic firm.
2. Fred _______(be) at the meeting tomorrow. I think Jane ________(come) too.
3. A: This letter is in French, and I don’t speak French. Can you help me?
B: Sure. I _______________________(translate) it for you.
4. A: Do you want to go shopping with me? I _______(go) to the shopping mall downtown.
B: Sure. What time do you want to leave?
A: How about getting together for dinner after work?
B: Sounds good. Where?
A: How about Alice’s restaurant or the gateway Café? You decide.
B: Alice’s Restaurant. I ___________(meet) you there around six.
A: Great.
5. A: Do you have plans for dinner?
B: Yes. I __________(meet) a co-worker for dinner at Alice’s Restaurant. Do you want to join us?
6. A: Uh, oh! I’ve spilled coffee on my shirt!
B: Just a minute. I _________________(get) a damp cloth for you.
7. A: I _______________________(sell) my bicycle. I have to.
B: What? Why? You need your bicycle to get to work.
A: I know. But I need money right now to pay for my baby’s doctor and medicine. I can walk to work.
Exercise 2.
Future Continuous vs. Present Simple
Right now I am attending class. Yesterday at this time, I was attending class. Tomorrow at this time, I ___________(attend) class.
Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home. When I _________(arrive) at the airport, my whole family _____________(wait) for me.
When I _______(get) up tomorrow morning, the sun___________(shine), the birds_______(sing), and my roommate _______(lie, still) in bed fast asleep.
4. A: When do you leave for Florida?
B: Tomorrow. Just think! Two days from now I _____________(lie) on the beach in the sun.
A: Sounds great! I _____________(think) about you.
5. A: How can I get in touch with you while you’re out of town?
B: I ____________(stay) at the Pilgrim Hotel. You can reach me there.
6. Next year at this time, I _________(do) exactly what I am doing now. I ________(attend) school and ___________(study) hard next year.
7. Look at those dark clouds. When class _________(be) over, it _______________(rain, probably).
8. A: Are you going to be in town next Sunday?
B: No. I _______________(visit) my aunt.
9. A: Where are you going to be this evening?
B: I _____________(work, at the library) on my research paper.
Exercise 3.
Future Perfect vs. Future Perfect Continuous
Jonathan ___________(work) on his invention for three hours before he finally goes to bed.
By the time the girls return from their shopping trip, I _____(cook) dinner.
________(Jane/finish) her homework by the time the film begins?
Jack________(work) at the post office for 20 years by the time he is 50.
I'm afraid Jack_______(not/recover) from the accident by the time his football training begins.
I_________(grow) my own vegetables for two years by the end of the year.
___________(mail) the invitations before Friday?
By November, Harry________(sell) his produce to the local store for two years.
We________(convert) the rooftop of our apartment into a garden by the end of the week.
By June, Mr Patterson_______(teach) music at our school for ten years.
Scientists hope they_________(solve) the world's food shortage problem by the end of the century.
Exercise 4.
Present Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect
1. Don’t try to call John at 11:30 tomorrow morning because he __________(attend) class at that time.
2. Tomorrow, after he ____(eat) dinner, John _____(go) to a movie. In other words, he ______(eat) dinner by the time he ____(go) to the movie.
3. Hello?
B: Hello. May I speak to Sue?
A: She ____(not be) in right now. May I take a message?
B: Yes. This is Art O’Brien. Would you please ask her to meet me at the library this afternoon? I ________(sit) at one of the study booths on the second floor.
4. By the end of the day I ______(drink) four cups of coffee.
5. At this time tomorrow he ________(drive) to London.
6. _______(you, watch) the film tonight when I come?
7. I hope we _______(finish) the meeting by 5 o'clock tomorrow.
Exercise 5.
Future tenses.
Mr and Mrs Smith ________(visit) their son Tom’s school tomorrow. When they get there at 3 p.m. he _________(play) football, but that ________(not matter), because they ____________(first, go) to see the headmaster, and by the time they have finished, Tom ___________(finish) playing football and __________(have) a bath and got dressed, so that he ____________(be) quite ready to go with them.
They ________(all go) to a hotel. Tom _________(already do) all his homework, so he __________(be) quite free.
I __________(meet) Tom and his parents at the hotel at 7:30 p.m. They ___________(sit) in the hall when I arrive but as soon as we have shaken hands, we _________(go) into the lobby bar. There______(be) a band there. It ________(start) playing already, but the singer __________(not begin) until 8 p.m. I ___________(not understand) the words of her songs, because she ___________(sing) in Italian that evening.
After dinner, I ________(go) home. When I get there, my mother _________(sit) by the fire and _________(wait) for me.
Exercise 6.
Translate into English.
1. Той не дойде вчера в 8:30, защото гледах мача. Дойде в 9:30. Мачът вече беше приключил.
2. Не идвай в 8:30 довечера, защото ще гледам мача по телевизията. Ела в 9:30. Мачът ще е приключил дотогава.
3. Познах я, когато я видях. Тя носеше жълта шапка.
4. Ще я познаеш, когато я видиш. Тя ще носи жълта шапка.
5. Закъсняхме. Филмът вече беше започнал, докато стигнахме до киното.
6. Закъсняваме. Очаквам, че филмът вече ще е започнал докато стигнем до киното.
7. Играх тенис вчера. В 3:30 играех.
8. Ще играя тенис от 3 до 4 утре. Така, че в 3:30 ще играя.
9. Аз не отидох у тях вчера в 11:30, защото той вече си беше легнал.
10. Не ходи у тях в 11:30, защото дотогава той вече ще си е легнал.
11. До края на ваканцията бяхме похарчили всичките си пари.
12. До края на ваканцията ние ще сме си похарчили всичките пари.
13. Когато ти дойде, тя не беше приключила. Все още работеше.
14. Тя няма да е приключила, когато дойдеш. Все още ще работи.
15. Децата плуваха в морето, а ние се печахме на спокойствие по това време вчера.
16. Децата ще плуват в морето, а ние ще се печем на плажа на спокойствие по това време утре.
17. Снощи аз четях книга, а тя гледаше телевизия.
18. Довечера аз ще чета книга, а тя вероятно ще гледа телевизия.
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