Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

Внимание!

Използваме Past Simple, когато знаем/или искаме да уточним точно кога е извършено дадено действие.

Използваме Present Perfect, когато не знаем/не е важно/не уточняваме точно кога е извършено дадено действие.

Exercise 1.

Направете  положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

Get up - got up - got up - ставам

1. When………….you…………?     

2. He……….already……………..

3. I…………….at 7 o’clock.             

4. ……………they…………..yet?

5. She (not)……………….on time.  

6. Why…….you………..so early?

7. I………just………            

8. ……………..you……………at 8 o’clock?

9. They (not)………yet.        

10. ……………she………….on time yesterday?

11. ……………he………………yet?

12. We (not)……………….at 8 this morning.

13. He ……………………before me two days ago.  

14. When……..she………on Monday?

15. He (not)……………He is still in bed.      

16. Why………..he…………….yet?

Внимание!

Past Simple няма никаква връзка с настоящия момент.

Present Perfect винаги има връзка с настоящия момент. Действието е извършено в миналото (не казваме кога), но има резултат сега. С други думи - използва се, когато искаме да обясним защо нещо е така в момента – причината (в миналото) за това е в Present Perfect.

Exercise 2.

Направете  положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

Lose - lost - lost - губя

1. I……..my ticket. Can you help me look for it?    

2. I………my ticket yesterday.

3. He (not)………….his ticket yet.   

4. He (not)…………his ticket 2 days ago.

5. What……..you just……..?            

6. What…..you………last week?

7. I (not)………….anything so far.   

8. I (not)………….anything last night.

9. ……they……their tickets yet?     

10. ……they……..their tickets last week?

11. When……she……her ticket? 

12. What………she………..?

13. He……already……….his ticket.  

14. He……….his ticket on Friday.

15. She can’t come. …….she……….her ticket?        

16. ……..she………her ticket on Monday?

Exercise 3.

Направете  положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

Answer - answered - отговарям

1. They (not)……….my email yet.   

2. When…..you………..his letter?

3. I……..just………..her.      

4. ……..you ever………..his emails?

5. We (not)…………their email last week.  

6. ………he………..your email yet?

7. She…..never……..any of my emails. 

8. I………..him yesterday.

9. He (not)……………me last week.            

10. She (not)…………my email yet.

11. Why…..you………such an email?           

12. …….he…………her letter last month?

13. ……….they……….you yesterday?          

14. What…..she……….him?

15. He………….them last week.        

16. When……..she…….you?

Exercise 4.

Направете  положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

Think - thought - thought -  мисля

1. ………you……of going to Italy?

2. I……….about that yesterday.

3. ……….you………..of calling her last night?

4. We…..often………about it.

5. When……..you first……….about this?

6. She (not)………about him recently.

7. He………..of asking her yesterday.

8. What…..you always………of him?

9. He ……….never………..about it.

10. She (not)……….about you last month.

11. …….he ever……….of meeting her?

12. We (not)……….of you last Monday.

13. Why……he……about her recently?

14. ……she……….about me at that moment?

15. We (not)……….about it yet.

16. What……….he…..when he saw her?

Exercise 5.

Поставете глаголите в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

1. I _____(buy) a new bicycle last year but I ________(not sell) my old one yet so at the moment I have two bicycles.

2.     At 7 a.m. Charles_______(ring) Tom and ______(say), “I am going to the cinema, Tom. Would you like to come?”

3.     A: I ________(lose) my black gloves. _________(you, see) them anywhere?

   B: No, I’m afraid I … When ___________(you, last, wear) them?

   A: I ________________________(wear) them at the theatre last night.

   B: Perhaps you _______________________(leave) them at the theatre.

4.   George ________(begin) to study English 4 years ago. He ___________________(study) English for four years now.

5.  My friend _______(get) married five years ago. He _____________(be) married for 5 years now.

6. I ______(get) my job at the Center six years ago. I ______________(work) here for 6 years.

7. Their guests _______(arrive) in London last week. They __________(be) here for a week.

8. George _____(meet) Julie for the first time last year. He _________(know) her for 1 year.

9. John and Mary _______(come) to live in Oxford several years ago. They _______(live) there for several years.

10. I ___________(not attend) any parties since I came here.

11. Al __________(go) to a party at Sally’s apartment last Saturday night.

12. Bill __________(arrive) here three days ago.

13. Bill _________(be) here since the 22nd.

14. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You ______(miss, already) too many classes. You _______(miss) two classes just last week.

15. So far this week, I __________(have) two tests and a quiz.

16. Alex is an artist. He _______(draw) many beautiful pictures in his lifetime. Last week he ______(draw) a beautiful mountain scene.

17. Jack really needs to get in touch with you. Since this morning, he _______(call) here four times trying to reach you. He __________(call) at 9:10, 10:25, 12:15 and 1:45.

18. Janet ________(wear) her new blue dress only once since she bought it. She _______(wear) it to her brother’s wedding last month.

19. The night has ended, and it’s daylight now. The sun _______(rise). It ___________(rise) at 6:08.

20. Last January, I __________(see) snow for the first time in my life.

21. Fatima ___________(see, never) snow in her entire lifetime.

22. I __________(know) Greg for ten years.

23. A: Is Ahmed here yet?

      B: Yes. He ____________(arrive, just).

24. A: I ______(not be) able to reach Mr. Chang yet. So far he ________(not respond) to any of my attempts to reach him.

      B: Oh?

      A: I ________(start) trying to reach him three days ago. Since then, I __________(fax) him twice. I________(phone) him four times. And I_________(send) at least six e-mails.

      B: I guess modern communications don’t mean much if there’s no one at the other end.

25. What __________(you, learn) since you _______(come) here? And how many new friends __________(you, make)?

26. Since classes began, I _______(not have) much free time. I _________(have) several big tests to study for.

27. Last night my friend and I _____________(have) some free time, so we ____________(go) to a show.

28. I admit I___________(get) older since I last _______(see) you, but with any luck at all, I ___________(get, also) wiser.

29. The science of medicine ___________(advance) a great deal in the 19th century.

30. In the last fifty years, medical scientists _____________(make) many important discoveries.

31. Libraries today are different from those in the 1800s. for example, the contents of libraries __________(change) greatly through the years. In the 1800s, libraries ________(be) simply collections of books. However, today most libraries __________(become) multimedia centers that contain tapes, computers, disks, films, magazines, music, and paintings. The role of the library in society __________(change, also). In the 1800s, libraries _______(be) open only to certain people, such as scholars or the wealthy. Today libraries serve everyone.

32. A: Are you taking Chemistry 101 this semester?

     B: No, I __________(take, already) it. I _________(take) it last semester. This semester I’m in 102.

33. A: Hi, Judy. Welcome to the party. ___________(you, meet, ever) my cousin.

      B: No, I ……………

34. A: Do you like lobster?

      B: I don’t know. I ______________(eat, never) it.

35. A: ________________(you, eat) yet?

      B: No. You?

     A: Yeah. I___________(eat, already). I________(finish, just).

36. A: Do you do much travelling?

         B: Yes. I like to travel.

      A: What countries ___________(you, visit)?

       B: Well, I ___________(be) to India, Turkey, Afghanistan, and Nepal, among others.

       A: I __________(be, never) to any of those countries. When ______________(you, be) in India?

       B: Two years ago. I _________(visit, also) many of the countries in Central America. I _______(take) a tour of Central America about six years ago.

       A: Which countries _________________(you, visit)?

       B: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

       A: I ________(want, always) to travel to other countries, but I ________(not have) the opportunity to travel extensively. I _________(go) to England six years ago, but I ________(not be) anywhere since then.

Exercise 6.

Преведете на английски.

Книгата ми не е в мен. Загубил съм я.

Тя е учителка. Учителка е от 1999.

Те не са тук. Отидоха в Париж.

Луси не е добре, но беше добре във вторник. Не е добре от вторник.

Отидохме до Лувъра и се върнахме. Ходили сме в Лувъра.

Боли ме. Току-що ратегнах мускул.

Хареса ли ти Междузвездни войни? Не знам. Никога не съм го гледал.

Познаваш ли Хенри? Да, срещал съм го веднъж преди.

В колко часа излита самолета? Той току-що излетя.

Сали хареса ли тези бисквити? Не ги е опитала още.

Exercise 8.

Преведете на английски.

1. Някога ходила ли си в Русия? Да, ходих там миналата година.

2. Не съм виждала Пам от дълго време. Наистина ли! Беше в библиотеката тази сутрин.

3. Изчисти ли си стаята вече? Да, подредих я преди час.

4. Някога летяли ли са със самолет? Да, пътуваха до Франция миналата година.

5. Намери ли си нов апартамент вече? Да, преместих се в един миналата седмица.

Exercise 9.

Поставете глаголите в Past Simple или Present Perfect.

• Hi, Jesse! Where (you/be)? I (not/see) you for ages!

• I know. I’m sorry. I (be) really busy recently.

• Doing what?

• Learning how to drive.

• Really? That’s great!

• And guess what! Last week I (sit) my driving test and I (pass) it! I have my license now!

• Congratulations! So, are you going to buy a car?

• Yes. I (already/start) to look for one. I (not/find) anything yet though.

• Well, let me know if you want any help. When I (buy) my car last year, I (find) some good car dealerships.

• Thanks. I will.

Exercise 10.

Поставете глаголите в Past Simple или Present Perfect и отговорете на въпросите под текста.

Tony and I are now in the Alps. We (arrive) two days ago and you won’t believe it but I (already/injure) myself! Yesterday we (go) mountain climbing. We (decide) to go up a very steep path but it (be) full of rocks. I (slip) on one, and (fall) and (break) my leg. It (not/hurt) much at first but after a few minutes I was in a lot of pain. Tony (take) me to the hospital and the doctor (put) a cast on my leg. Now I can’t do anything!

Well, I hope you’re OK. (you/decide) where you are going on holiday yet?

1. Where are they?

2. When did they arrive?

3. What has happened already?

4. Where did they go yesterday?

5. What kind of path did they decide to climb?

6. How did she break her leg?

7. Did it hurt much?

8. What did they do?

9. Why can’t she do anything now?

Exercise 11.

Преведете на английски.

1. Кейт си е купила нова кола. Да. Купи си БМВ миналата седмица.

2. Не се чувствам добре от миналата седмица. Видя ли се с доктор вече?

3. Говори ли с Джим? Не. Той отиде до банката. Не се е върнал още.

4. Чувал ли си се с Том и Тина напоследък? Да, обадиха ми се от Испания снощи.

5. Изпрати ли си молбата за кандидатстване вече? Да, изпратих я тази сутрин.

6. От колко време си тук? Тук сме от 8 часа.

7. Бил ли си в Италия? Много пъти. Всъщност, бях там миналата седмица.

8. Виждал ли си Джеймс? Казал е, че иска да ме види. Всъщност, той току-що тръгна.

9. За последно валя преди три седмици. Не е валяло от три седмици.

10. Видях джордж миналия понеделник. Не съм виждал джордж от миналия понеделник.

11. Сали не е играла тенис от две години. Сали е играла тенис за последно преди две години.

12. Минаха три седмици, откакто за последно говорих с Джим. Не съм говорил с Джим от три седмици.

13. Дейвид не се е обаждал на брат си от петък. Дейвид се обади на брат си за последно в петък.

14. Те дойдоха в 5 часа и все още са тук. Те са тук от 5 часа.

15. Бен все още боядисва къщата. Бен не е боядисал къщата все още.