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Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Сегашно перфектно продължително време
Сегашно перфектно продължително време Present Perfect Continuous Tense се употребява в случаите, когато говорим за действие, започнало в миналото, което продължава и в настоящето. Използва се с наречията since и for. Понякога не се различава от Сегашно перфектно време, но се предпочита освен в случаите, когато използваме статични глаголи (know, like, have).
I have been working in this company since June. (действие, започнало в миналото и продължаващо в настоящето)
Разлики между Сегашно перфектно и Сегашно перфектно продължително
Сегашно перфектно продължително време изразява минало действие, което има някакво отражение в настоящето. Фокусира върху действието. Няма значение дали то е завършило, или не.
I have been working all day. (I am tired now.)
She’s all in paint. She has been painting the ceiling all afternoon.
Сегашно перфектно изразява минало действие, от което има конкретен резултат в настоящето.
I am content now. I have finished the report today.
The ceiling looks quite good. She has painted it.
Внимание!
Изреченията се превеждат в сегашно време на български език.
Те пишат. – They are writing.
Те пишат от 1 час./от сутринта.
They have been writing for 1 hour/since this morning.
They haven’t been writing for 1 hour.
How long have they been writing? – От колко време пишат те?
He has been living here since last year.
!!!!! know, be, have, believe, remember, seem
I have known him for 1 year/since last year.
3. Сегашно перфектно продължително се използва за продължително действие, което е приключило преди малко.
She is tired. She has been working hard all day. - Тя е уморена. Работила е усилено цял ден.
Why are you out of breath? Have you been running? - Защо си задъхан? Тичал ли си?
Образуване
I have been working. I haven’t been working.
Have I been working? Haven’t I been working?
He has been working. He hasn’t been working.
Has he been working? Hasn’t he been working?
4. Сегашно перфектно продължително показва колко време продължава дадено действие, а Сегашно перфектно – колко неща сме направили, или колко пъти нещо е било направено.
Lilly has been writing letters all morning. (казваме от колко време протича действието)
Lilly has written 4 letters this morning. (казваме колко писма е успяла да напише за това време)
Сегашно перфектно се предпочита в случаите, когато действието е валидно за дълъг период от време, особено когато използваме наречието always.
She has always lived in London. или She has lived in London for 20 years.
She has been living here since January. или She has been living in London for 2 years now.
5. Свършен/несвършен вид на глагола.
Present Perfect - Напълно приключило действие, което има финален резултат в настоящето.
Present Perfect Continuous - Ненапълно приключило действие, което може да продължи в бъдеще.
Сравнете!
Someone has been smoking my cigarettes. There are only 5 left. (Някой ми е пушил от цигарите.)
Someone has smoked my cigarettes. I have to buy a new packet now. (Някой ми е изпушил цигарите.)
There is no cake left. Someone has eaten it.Няма останала торта. Някой я е изял.
There is half cake left. Someone has been eating the cake.Има половин торта. Някой е ял от тортата.
Exercise 1.
Make sentences in the Present Perfect Progressive.
1.How long | you | wait?
2.I | try | to phone him all day.
3.We | live | in this house for about twelve years.
4.Janet | practise | the violin all afternoon.
5.I | wait | for a letter from my father for weeks.
6.How long | you | learn | English?
7.People | fight | each other for millions of years.
8.They | talk | for a long time.
It | rain | since I got up this morning.
Exercise 2.
Match the action with its consequence
1.You are out of breath.
2.That man over there is bright red.
3.Ann is very tired.
4.Janet is hot.
5.Your friend’s hands are covered in oil.
6.I am quite bored now.
7.They are rather nervous.
8.You speak English very well.
9.Her eyes are red.
10.They look so fresh.
a)- She has been working hard.
b)- Has he been working on the car all day long?
c)- Have you been running?
d)- Has she been crying?
e)- They have been walking in the park all morning.
f)- I think he has been sunbathing.
g)- How long have you been studying it?
h)- She has been playing tennis for a long time.
i)- I have been watching TV since 2 o’clock.
j)- They have been waiting here for over an hour.
Exercise 3.´
Do the exercise following the example.
´I am waiting. I started waiting one hour ago. ´- I have been waiting for an hour.
´
´1. It is raining now. It began raining 2 hours ago.
´2. Kevin is studying. He began studying 3 years ago.
´3. I am learning Spanish. I started learning Spanish in December.
´4. Ann is looking for a job. She began looking for a job 6 months ago.
´5. Mary is working in London. She started working there in January.
´6. George smokes. He started smoking 15 years ago.
Exercise 4.
´Translate into Bulgarian.
´She has been watering the garden all morning.
´Has he been reading this book for three hours now?
´It has been snowing since last week.
´They have been working hard for weeks.
´How long has she been cleaning the house?
´How long have you been talking on the phone?
Exercise 5.´
Translate into English
´Уча английски от дълго време.
´Дълго ли чака?
´Вали от часове.
´От колко време пушиш?
´Том кара кола от 10 години.
´Те спят цял ден!
Внимание!
Present Perfect се използва с наречия за време като:
just, ever, never, already, yet
Present Perfect Continuous се използва с:
since, for
Exercise 6.
Направете положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Present Perfect Continuous или Present Perfect.
Repair - repaired - поправям
………..you………..your bike yet?
I…………….my bike for two days.
How long…..he…………his bike?
He…….already………..his bike.
How…….you………your bike so quickly?
I………just………..my bike.
He………….his bike for two hours now.
You (not)…………your bike yet.
……..you……….your bike for two weeks?
What…..he just………..?
……..he………..his bike since Monday?
He (not)…………his bike yet.
How long……..you………….your bike?
…….he………..his bike this week?
His hands are dirty. He…………..his bike.
His bike goes well. He ……………it.
Внимание!
Present Perfect се използва за действие, приключило в миналото, което има конкретен резултат сега.
Present Perfect Continuous се използва за продължително действие в миналото, което има косвен резултат сега.
Въпросите с How Long? обикновено се задават в Present Perfect Continuous.
Exercise 7.
Направете положителни, отрицателни и въпросителни изречения с дадения глагол в Present Perfect Continuous или Present Perfect.
Paint - painted - боядисвам
Her hands are covered in paint. She…………….the room.
The room was green. Now it’s white. She…………..it.
There is a bucket of paint in the hall. ………she…………..the room?
The room looks very clean. ……….she………it?
They……..already…………the room.
They………….the room all day.
How long………you……….the room?
Why…..you………the room pink?
……….they……….the room since the beginning of the week?
They (not)………..the room yet.
He (not)………….the whole room. One of the walls is still green.
How long……..he……….the room?
Why ……..he……the room yellow. I don’t like it.
……….you……….the room yourself?
Exercise 8.
Fill in the correct form (Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Progressive).
I (practise) _________________the piano for 30 minutes.
Bob (run)________________ 10 km.
The children (be)______________ on holiday for six days.
The dog (bark) _________________since midnight.
We (miss) _________________the bus twice this week.
Sandy (cook) ____________dinner four times this week.
We (travel)______________ around Scotland for 8 days.
Why are your hands so dirty? - I (repair) _____________my bike.
I (read)_______________ the book, you can have it back.
Paul (believe) _________________in God since he was a child.
How long (wait / she) for us?
How many times (tell / I) you?
How often (clean / you) the windows this year?
How many months (take / you) piano lessons?
(stay / you / ever) in a castle?
How much money (Jack / spend) in the casino?
How long (she / sit) there?
How many short messages (send / you) this month?
(you / empty) the bin yet?
Lucy, (you / bathe) your dolls? The bathroom floor is absolutely wet.
Exercise 9.
´Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Continuous.
a) How long has Tom known/been knowing Lisa?
´b) I’ve read/been reading 10 chapters of my book so far.
´c) Lisa has been waiting/waited for Tom for nearly an hour.
´d) John has been losing/lost his wallet.
´e) Mary is hot and tired. She’s been playing/played tennis all afternoon.
´f) She has been playing/played three times this week.
´g) Who has been eating/eaten my chocolates? They’re nearly finished.
´h) I’ve never read/been reading such a good book.
´i) Ow! I’ve cut/been cutting my finger!
´j) Tom has a headache. He’s been looking/looked at the computer screen too long.
´k) The Smiths have not always lived/been living in London.
´l) This chair has always creaked/been creaking.
Exercise 10.
Put the verbs into Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.´
Tom: Hi Ana. I (try) _______to ring you several times today. Where (you / be)____ ?
Ana: I (be)_____ at home all the time. But I (clean)____ the house all day, so maybe I didn't hear the phone ring.
Tom: (you / clean)_____ everything now?
Ana: No, not yet. I (tidy / not) _____up the kitchen yet. But why are you here?
Tom: Don't you remember? Jane (invited) ____us to her birthday party and we (buy / not) ___a present for her yet.
Ana: Oh, that's right. (you / find out / already) _______what she wants?
Tom: Well, she (learn)_____ Spanish for a year and wants to spend her next holiday in Mexico. Maybe we could get her a guide book.
Ana: That's a good idea. There is a good bookshop in the big shopping centre. I (see)______ some nice books about Mexico there recently.
Exercise 11.
Put the verbs into Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.´
Daughter: Mum, Jane (phone / just) to ask if I will go to the cinema with her. May I?
Mother: (you / do) your homework yet?
Daughter: Well, I (do) it for about 2 hours now, but I (finish / not) it yet.
Mother: If you (complete / not) your homework, you cannot go. School comes first. Remember, you (promise) me to study harder this year.
Daughter: But mum, I (work) really hard this year and I (improve / already) in Maths and Chemistry.
Mother: But that's only because I (push / always) you to do something.
Daughter: But I also need a break some time. Look, I (be / not) to the cinema for two months. May I go? Just this once.
Exercise 12.
Translate into Bulgarian.
´1. Не съм го виждал от една седмица.
´2. Тя от колко време живее във Франция?
´3. Той никога не е гледал този филм преди.
´4. Той не ни е посещавал от седмица.
´5. Те посещават компютърен курс от два месеца.
´6. Никога не съм карал по-бърза кола!
´7. Те не са се върнали още.
´8. Тя пише този роман от една година.
´9. Това е най-малката кола, която някога съм виждал.
´10. Не са се обаждали на Фред от дълго време.
´11. Тя все още не е продала къщата.
´12. Никога не съм чел тази книга преди.
´13. Той учи руски от шест месеца.
Exercise 13.
Put the verbs into Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.´
It ___________(snow) all day. I wonder when it will stop.
We ________(have) three major snowstorms so far this winter. I wonder how many more we will have.
It’s 10 p.m. I _______(study) for two hours and probably won’t finish until midnight.
I ________(write) them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply.
The telephone __________(ring) four times in the last hour, and each time it has been for my office mate.
The telephone __________(ring) for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?
A: _______________(you, be) able to reach Bob on the phone yet?
B: Not yet. I ____________(try) for the last twenty minutes, but all I get is a busy signal.
A: Hi, Jenny. I _______(not see) you for weeks. What _______(you, do) lately?
B: Studying.
A: What are you going to order for dinner?
B: Well, I ________(have, never) vegetarian pizza, so I think I’ll order that.
A: What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy. ______________(you, cry)?
B: No. I just finished peeling some onions.
A: Dr. Jones is a good teacher. How long ________(he, be) at the university?
B: He ___________(teach) here for twenty-five years.
The little girl is dirty from head to foot because she ___________(play) in the mud.
I __________(have) an accident with your car, Helen. I’m really sorry.
I don’t believe it! Someone ____________(eat) my chocolates! They’ve nearly all gone!
I __________(wait) for you for ages! Where have you been?
I _____________(break) a glass. I’m terribly sorry.
How many biscuits ___________(you, eat) today?
I _________(never, meet) a nicer person in my life.
How long ___________(you, know) them?
He _________(write) a book for nearly a year. It’ll be finished soon.
The children are very quiet. They __________(watch) videos all morning.
I’m exhausted. I ___________(work) all day, and I _____________(not finish) yet.
He _________(have) a lot of jobs over the past few years.
Someone __________(move) my car keys. I __________(look) for them for ages, but I __________(not find) them yet.
I ________(shop) all morning, but I _______(not buy) anything.
That’s one of the best jokes I ______________(ever, hear).
You’re really dirty. What ________________(you, do)?
I _______________(listen) to you for the past hour, but I’m afraid I ______________(not understand) a single word.
I ______________(try) to lose weight for ages. I ___________(lose) five kilos so far.
Exercise 14.
Put the verbs into Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous or Present Continuous.´
I ___________(write) this novel for eight years and I________(not finish) it yet. I________(still, write) it.
They ________(wait) for him for two hours now, but he _______(not appear) yet. ___________(they, still, wait)?
My daughter _______(study) English since she was 12 and she ______(still, learn) it. She ______(not master) it yet.
I _______(try) to find this book for 3 months now but I________(fail). You______(still, look) for it?
I ____(think) of going to the Far East for many years but I ____(have) no chance yet. But I ____(still, dream) about it.
She ________(have) lunch for 2 hours now and she________(not finish) yet. She_______(still, eat).
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