By the end of this unit, successful students will be able to:
- (AP1 6.A.3): The amplitude is the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium value. (11-7)
o (AP1 6.A.3.1): Use graphical representation of a periodic mechanical wave to determine the amplitude of the wave. (11-7)
- (AP1 6.B.1): For a periodic wave, the period is the repeat time of the wave. The frequency is the number of repetitions of the wave per unit time. (11-7)
o (AP1 6.B.1.1): use a graphical representation of a periodic mechanical wave (position vs. time) to determine the period and frequency of the wave and describe how a change in the frequency would modify features of the representation. (11-7)
- (AP1 6.B.2): For a periodic wave, the wavelength is the repeat distance of the wave. (11-7)
o (AP1 6.B.2.1): use a visual representation of a periodic mechanical wave to determine wavelength of the wave. (11-7)
- (AP1 6.B.4): For a periodic wave, wavelength is the ratio of speed over frequency.(11-7)
o (AP1 6.B.4.1): design an experiment to determine the relationship between periodic wave speed, wavelength, and frequency and relate these concepts to everyday examples. (11-7)
- (AP1 6.A.1): Waves can propagate via different oscillation modes such as transverse and longitudinal (11-8)
o Mechanical waves can be either transverse or longitudinal and include waves on a stretched string and sound waves
o (AP1 6.A.1.1) use a visual representation to construct an explanation of the distinction between transverse and longitudinal waves by focusing on the vibration that generates the wave (11-8)
o (AP1 6.A.1.2): describe representations of transverse and longitudinal waves (11-8)
- (AP1 6.A.2): For propagation, mechanical waves (eg. sound) require a medium, while electromagnetic waves (eg. light) do not require a medium
o (AP1 6.A.2.1): describe sound in terms of transfer of energy and momentum in a medium and relate the concepts to everyday examples. (11-9, 11-10)
- (AP1 6.A.4): Classically, the energy carried by a wave (such as sound) depends upon and increases with amplitude. (11-9, 11-10, 12-2)
o (AP1 6.A.4.1): Explain and/or predict qualitatively how the energy carried by a sound wave relates to the amplitude of the wave, and/or apply this concept to a real-world example. (11-9, 11-10, 12-2)
- (AP1 6.D.1): Two or more wave pulses can interact in such a way as to produce amplitude variations in the resultant wave. When two pulses cross, they travel through each other, they do not bounce off each other. Where pulses overlap, the resulting displacement can be determined by adding the displacements of the two pulses. This is called superposition (11-12)
o (AP1 6.D.1.1): use representations of individual pulses and construct representations to model the interaction of two wave pulses to analyze the superposition of two pulses (11-12)
o (AP1 6.D.1.2): design a suitable experiment and analyze data illustrating the superposition of mechanical waves (only for wave pulses or standing waves)
o (AP1 6.D.1.3): design a plan for collecting data to quantify the amplitude variations when two or more travelling waves or wave pulses interact in a given medium.
- (AP1 6.D.2): Two or more traveling waves can interact in such a way as to produce amplitude variations in the resultant wave (11-12)
o (AP1 6.D.2.1): analyze data or observations or evaluate evidence of the interaction of two or more traveling waves in one or two dimensions (i.e. circular wave fronts) to evaluate the variations in resultant amplitudes) (11-12)
- (AP1 6.D.3): Standing waves are the result of the addition of incident and reflected waves that are confined to a region and have nodes and antinodes. Eg: waves on fixed lengths of string, (11-13) sound waves in closed and in open tubes (12-4)
o (AP1 6.D.3.1): refine a scientific question related to standing waves and design a detailed plan for the experiment that can be conducted to examine the phenomenon qualitatively or quantitatively
o (AP1 6.D.3.2): predict properties of standing waves that result from the addition of incident and reflected waves that are confined to a region and have nodes and antinodes.(11-13, 12-4)
o (AP1 6.D.3.3): plan data collection strategies, predict the outcome based on the relationship under test, perform data analysis, evaluate evidence compared to the prediction, explain any discrepancy, and, if necessary, revise the relationship among variables responsible for establishing standing waves on a string or in a column of air
o (AP1 6.D.3.4): describe representations and models of situations in which standing waves result from the addition of incident and reflected waves confined to a region.(11-13, 12-4)
- (AP1 6.D.4): The possible wavelengths of a standing wave are determined by the size of the region to which it is confined.(11-13, 12-4)
o a standing wave with zero amplitude at both ends can only have certain wavelengths. Eg. Fundamental frequencies and harmonics (11-13, 12-4)
o other boundary conditions or other region sizes will result in different sets of possible wavelengths (11-13, 12-4)
o (AP1 6.D.4.1): challenge with evidence the claim that the wavelengths of standing waves are determined by the frequency of the source regardless of the size of the region
o (AP1 6.D.4.2): calculate wavelengths and frequencies (if given wave speed) of standing waves based on boundary conditions and length of region within which the wave is confined, and calculate numerical values of wavelengths and frequencies. Eg. For musical instruments (11-13, 12-4)
- (AP1 6.D.5): Beats arise from the addition of waves of slightly different frequency. (12-6)
o Because of the different frequencies, the two waves are sometimes in phase and sometimes out of phase. The resulting regularly spaced amplitude changes are called beats. Eg. Tuning an instrument (12-6)
o The beat frequency is the difference in frequency between the two waves (12-6)
o (AP1 6.D.5.1): use a visual representation to explain how waves of slightly different frequency give rise to the phenomenon of beats
- (AP1 6.B.5): The observed frequency of a wave depends on the relative motion of source and observer. (12-7)
o (AP1 6.B.5.1): create or use a wave front diagram to demonstrate or interpret qualitatively the observed frequency of a wave, dependent upon relative motions of source and observer. (12-7)
All assignments are due on the date listed. That is not the date they are assigned.
12/21 Wed Read: Ch 11
Do: p. 316 Questions: 13 – 21
12/23 Fri Do: Pendulum Lab
1/4 Wed Do: Mechanical waves lab
1/5 Thu Do: 11: 36, 38, 51, 52, 53, 56
1/6 Fri Read: Chapter 12
Do: p. 346 Questions: 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17
1/9 Mon Begin Project oral presentations.
1/11 Wed Do: Sound Lab
1/12 Thu Do: Ch 12: 28, 48, 50, 52, 53, 76
1/13 Fri Test 11, 12
1/16 Mon MLKjr Day – No School
1/17 Tue Project Papers due
1/18 Wed Exams
1/19 Thu Exams
1/20 Fri Exams End of Term 2nd may be assigned