Articulation
Learning articulatory skills is a particular type of motor learning that occurs as a developmental process that evolves as the child grows. As the child get older, their motor movement / articulation skills mature and develop - thus, a six year old child will have a broader range of articulatory than a two or three year old child
Children with articulatory difficulty have impaired motor function rather than impairments in central language abilities
Speech Sounds (Phones): sounds that represent physical sound realities used in speech. These sounds differ from other varieties of human sounds (such as coughing or burping) because they provide meaning.
Consonants: Produced with Place, Manner, and Voice
Place = where the sound is created
Manner = how the sounds is created
Voice = does the sound use "voice" or not
In the chart below you see place (horizontal), manner (vertical) or voiced (shaded areas indicate voiced sounds
(Bauman-Waengler, p.33, 2020)
Vowels: production refers to the position of the tongue in the oral cavity
front, central, or back
high, middle, or low
Front indicates vowels that are produced to exterior portion of the mouth and back indicates vowels that produced closer to the velum. High vowels indicate vowels that are produced with less space between the tongue and palates, and low vowels indicate vowels that are produced with a more "open" oral cavitiy
(Bauman-Waengler, p. 29, 2020)
(Bauman-Waengler, 2020)