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Learning Intention:
Learning Intention:
You will learn about the roles of different divisions of the nervous system (central and peripheral nervous systems and their associated sub-divisions) in responding to, and integrating and coordinating with, sensory stimuli received by the body.
Success Criteria:
Success Criteria:
You will be able to:
outline the divisions of the nervous system
explain the role of the brain
differentiate between autonomic and somatic processes
differentiate between sympathetic and parasympathetic processes
Prior Knowledge:
Prior Knowledge:
Write down everything you remember about the NS.
Draw the NS map.
Key Vocab:
Key Vocab:
Nervous system
CNS
PNS
Somatic/ Autonomic NS
Sympathetic/ Parasympathetic NS
Exam Task Word:
Exam Task Word:
State
Outline
Explain
Describe
Compare/ Contrast
New Knowledge:
New Knowledge:
NS.pptxApplication task:
Application task:
I can start with this:
2A. 1 - 10
I can do this:
2A. 5 - 17
I'm very confident:
2A. 11 - 21
Reflection:
Reflection:
SOMEWHAT CONFIDENT
I can:
State and explain the roles of different divisions of the NS.
CONFIDENT
I can:
Explain the roles of different divisions of the NS.
Describe how they interact in responding to, and integrating and coordinating with, sensory stimuli received by the body.
VERY CONFIDENT
I can:
Explain the roles of different divisions of the NS.
Describe how they interact in responding to, and integrating and coordinating with, sensory stimuli received by the body.
Apply my understanding in answering exam style questions.
RESOURCES
RESOURCES
HOMEWORK - Transfer notes to a new book & complete unfinished questions
The Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System
The main function of the CNS is to process information received from the PNS and to activate appropriate responses.
The CNS comprises of:
1. The brain
2. The spinal cord
The Brain
The Brain
The brain is the control centre of the nervous system and is responsible for everything we think, feel and do. The function of the brain is to process information received through the neural pathways in the body and to direct actions within the body.
Two Hemispheres
1. Left Hemisphere
2. Right Hemisphere
Three Regions
1. Forebrain
Cerebral Cortex
Four Lobes
1. Frontal Lobe
2. Parietal Lobe
3. Occipital Lobe
4. Temporal Lobe
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Corpus Callosum
2. Midbrain
Reticular Formation
3. Hindbrain
Cerebellum
Medulla
Pons
The Spinal Cord
The Spinal Cord
The long thin bundle of nerve tissue extending from the base of the brain to the lower back and connecting the brain to the body.
Two main functions:
1. Receive sensory information from the body via the PNS and send these neural messages to the brain for processing.
2. Receive motor information from the brain and send these messages to the relevant parts of the body via the PNS to control the actions of muscles, glands and organs.
The spinal cord can also initiate simple motor reactions in the form of reflexes that occur extremely rapidly independent of the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System
The entire network of nerves located outside of the CNS
Two main functions:
1. Carry information to the CNS from sensory organs about the external environment and the body’s muscles, organs and glands about the internal environment
2. Carry information from the CNS to the body’s muscles organs and glands.
Two subdivisions:
1. The Somatic Nervous System
2. The Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
A network of nerves that carries sensory information to the CNS and motor information from the CNS.
Two main functions:
Afferent or Sensory information is received at sensory receptor sites in the skin, muscles, joints and tendons of the body and carried along sensory neural pathways by sensory neurons.
Efferent or Motor information is carried along motor neural pathways by motor neurons to skeletal muscles to control their activity by causing them to contract or relax.
The Autonomic Nervous System
A subdivision of the PNS that connects the CNS to the body’s internal organs and glands (visceral muscles) providing feedback to the brain about their activity. It is autonomous because many of the organs and glands are self-regulating without any conscious or voluntary control. This is essential to survival as because it allows for continuity of function regardless of level of awareness.
The ANS regulates activity of the body’s visceral muscles, organs and glands by increasing or decreasing activity based on varying demands of the body and to maintain homeostasis.
The ANS is linked to the brain’s cerebral cortex so voluntary control of some autonomic responses is possible at times.
Two Subdivisions:
1. The Sympathetic Nervous System
2. The Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Generally has the effect of counterbalancing the activities of the Sympathetic Nervous System. It restores the body to a state of calm once the need for sympathetic nervous system activation has passed.
Sympathetic Nervous System
Activates internal muscles, organs and glands to prepare the body for vigorous activity or to deal with a stressful or threatening situation. it is activated by a stressor or fear stimulus and enhances survival by providing an immediate response to any kind of emergency.
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