• Outline that error bars are a graphical representation of the variability of data.
  • What are error bars? Why are they important?
  • Where do you find them?
  • What can they be used to show?
• Calculate the Mean and Standard Deviation of a set of values.
  • How do you calculate the mean?
  • Using your calculator calculate the STDV for that set of vaules.
  • What is the sign for "sample standard deviation" on your calculator.
  • You may use a calculator or Spreadsheet to find these values-- you do not need to know how to do them by hand.
• State that the statistic standard deviation is used to summarize the spread of values around the mean, and whtat within a normal distribution the values will fall within 1 or 3 standard deviations.
  • What does the STDEV show us?
  • What does normally distributed date mean?
  • What % of data is found in 1 STDEV?
  • What % of data is found in 2 STDEV?
  • What about 3 STDEV?
• Explain how the standard deviation is useful for compairng the means and the spread of data between two or more samples.
  • How do we show STDEV on a graph?
  • What happens if they are big/small?
  • What if two are together, overlap or are different?
  • You can use STDEV in your IA
• Outline the meaning of coefficient of variation.
  • What is coefficient of variation?
  • Why don't we just use STDEV?
  • How would you calculate it?
  • You can use Coefficient of variation in your IA
• Deduce the significance of the difference between two sets of data using calculated values for t and the appropriate tables
  • t-test
    • What is a t-test?
    • Must have normal distribution and at least 10 sample size
    • You can use stats apps or spreadsheets to compute (not by hand)
    • How does the t-test help us with our data analysis?
    • What does two-tailed, paired mean? give an example
    • What does two-tailed, unparied mean? give an example
  • You can use a t-test in your IA
  • What is an ANOVA? You can use this in your IA too
• Explain that the existence of a correlation does not establish that here is a causal relationship between two variables.
  • What is a causal relationship?
  • How do we determine if it actually is causal?
  • How does this affect our Background research?
  • How does this affect what are variables are?
  • You can calculate and use r and r^2 values using a stats/sheets program in your IA

• Collect data from a lab with classmates
  • Compute mean, standard deviation, make a graph, add in error bars
• Collect data for use in a t-test.
  • What did you find were your results

Using Google Sheets-- Use the Add On-- XLMiner Data Analysis Tool Box

Discuss how standard deviation can be used to interpret data.

Outline why sports science students must be careful when interpreting the correlation between two variables.

Outline why sports science students must be careful when interpreting the correlation between two variables.

Outline what is meant by correlation.

A two-tailed, unpaired t-test was conducted on the data. Comment on the meaning of the results from the t-test. What values are you looking for? What will tell you more about this experiment?

Students ran a 20 m. sprint, then they either did plyometrics or walked (control). Then completed additonal 20 m. sprint. The data for their sprint times was noted. A paired t-test was conducted to compare mean sprint times at 4 minutes with mean sprint times at baseline. The reults are: Plyometric condition: p < 0.05 Control condition: p > 0.05. Comment on the reults from the t-test.