4.1 Neuromuscular function

• Draw and label a diagram of a motor unit 

  • Include the Following Parts--

    • • dendrite

      • cell body

      • nucleus

      • axon

      • motor end plate

      • synapse

      • muscle.

• Explain the role of neurotransmitters in stimulating skeletal muscle contraction.

  • What is a neurotransmitter?

  • Where does it come from/ go?

  • What does it do?

  • acetylcholine 

  • cholinesterase

• Explain how skeletal muscle contracts by the sliding filament theory

  • Use the Following parts in your explanation:

    • • myofibril

      • myofilament

      • sarcomere

      • actin

      • myosin

      • H zone

      • A band

      • Z line

      • tropomyosin

      • troponin

      • sarcoplasmic reticulum

      • calcium ions

      • ATP       

• Explain how slow and fast twitch fibre types differ in structure and function

  • Slow twitch Type I

  • Fast twitch Type IIa

  • Fast twitsh Type IIb

Above chart From- 

https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/expert-articles/5714/muscle-fiber-types-fast-twitch-vs-slow-twitch

Explain how acetylcholine (ACh) initiates skeletal muscle contraction.

Explain how acetylcholine contributes to skeletal muscle contraction.

Outline the role of cholinesterase in muscle contraction.

Describe the role of acetylcholine in stimulating muscular contraction.

Explain the role of acetylcholine and cholinesterase in stimulating tricep muscle contraction for a Paralympic wheelchair athlete.

Explain sliding filament theory after acetylcholine (ACh) increases muscle membrane permeability.

Analyze the contraction of skeletal muscle after the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Outline the process of the sliding filament theory after calcium has been released and until it is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.

Explain the role of myosin in muscle contraction after adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is broken down and releases energy.

Explain how skeletal muscle contracts once a muscle fibre has been stimulated by a neurotransmitter using the sliding filament theory.

Explain the sliding filament theory of skeletal muscle contraction.

Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.

Explain how characteristics of type IIb muscle fibres could enhance the performance of a sprinter.

Compare and contrast slow and fast twitch muscle fibre types.

Explain how the structure and function of slow twitch (type I) muscle fibres contributes to the performance of endurance athletes.

Compare three structural characteristics of slow twitch (type I) and fast twitch (type IIb) muscle fibres.

Explain sliding filament theory after acetylcholine (ACh) increases muscle membrane permeability.

Describe how the characteristics of slow-twitch muscle fibres are suited to a rower.

Analyse the structure of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibres.