• Distinguish anatomically between the axial and appendicular skeleton.

  • Use copy of the handout below "Skeleton Labeling" to Identify and label the parts of the skeleton and their bones.

  • Axial-- Skull, Ribs, Sternum, Vertebral Column (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx)

  • Appendicular--

    • Pectoral girdle (scapulae and clavicles), humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges,

    • Pelvic girdle (ilium, ischium, pubis), femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

• Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeleton in terms of function.

  • What is function of axial skeleton?

  • What is function of appendicular skeleton?

• State the four types of bones

  • Long, Short, Flat, Irregular

    • How do you differentiate between each of these types of bone.

    • Give examples of each in the human skeleton

• Draw and annotate the structure of a long bone.

  • Use the handout below to annotate the structure of a long bone:

    • Epiphysis, spongy bone, articular cartilage, diaphysis, compact bone, bone marrow, marrow cavity, blood vessel, periosteum

  • What are the functions of the following structures of the long bone:

    • Epiphysis, spongy bone, articular cartilage, diaphysis, compact bone, bone marrow, marrow cavity, blood vessel, periosteum

• Apply anatomical terminology to the location of bones:

  • Define each of these anatomical terms

    • inferior, superior

    • proximal, distal

    • medial, lateral

    • anterior, posterior

  • What is anatomical position? (we always assume anatomical position unless the question or information tells us otherwise)

    • Using human bones names and anatomical terms- give examples of bones in relation to one another. Use each term from above.

• Outline the functions of connective tissue.

  • What is connective tissue

  • Example and Function of Cartilage

  • Example and Function of Ligament

  • Example and Function of Tendon

• Define the term Joint.

  • Definition of joint

  • An example of a joint

  • What is the function of a joint

• Distinguish between the different types of joint in relation to movement permitted.

  • Function/ Movement allowed/ Example(s) of a Fibrous Joint

  • Function/ Movement allowed/ Example(s) of a Cartilaginous Joint

  • Function/ Movement allowed/ Example(s) of a Synovial Joint

• Outline the features of a Synovial Joint

  • What is the function and location of each of these structures:

    • articular cartilage

    • synovial membrane

    • synovial fluid

    • bursae

    • meniscus

    • ligaments

    • articular capsule

• List the different types of Synovial Joints

  • Outline the function, type of movement allowed and example(s) of each

    • Hinge

    • Ball and Socket

    • Condyloid

    • Pivot

    • Gliding

    • Saddle

• Using microscope- View bone slides, cartilage

• Identify the names of the bones on the various skeletons in the classroom-- Paper, Mini, Humpty

• Using the disarticulated skeleton- put it all together and name each bone

• Using the various skeletons- name bones and refer to them using anatomical vocabulary.

• What does the length of your fingers tell you about your sport ability?

• Circumference of joints at wrist, knee, ankle, elbow-- Can you use these to identify- male/female or athlete/non-athlete?

• Make a model of a synovial joint.

Using examples, outline the function of the axial and appendicular skeleton during physical activity.

Using examples, outline the function of the axial and appendicular skeleton during physical activity.

Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeleton in terms of function.

Describe the functions of ligaments and tendons in a joint such as the knee joint.

Outline two types of connective tissue of joints.

Distinguish between the movement permitted in different types of joints.

Distinguish between fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints.

Describe five features of a synovial joint.

Discuss the structural features of a hiker's femurs.