Core 1.3 Challenges and Opportunities

-Global and regional/continental trends in family size, sex ratios, and ageing/greying

-Policies associated with managing population change, focusing on:

policies related to ageing societies
pro-natalist or anti-natalist policies
gender equality policies and anti-trafficking policies

-The demographic dividend and the ways in which population could be considered a resource when contemplating possible futures

One case study of a country benefiting from a demographic dividend

Synthesis, evaluation and skills opportunities

-How population change may affect the power balance between groups of people at local, national and international scales

Discussion:

How can a minimum age of marriage affect population growth?
What will be the consequences of Japan’s ageing population?
Can men and women truly be equal?
What are the causes of gender inequality?
Which type of country is more effective in achieving gender equality?

Exercise: Each table will give a detailed explanation of the Global and regional/continental trends in:

family size
sex ratios
ageing/greying
doctors per citizen

Is there a relationship or a pattern between these statistics?

Population possibilities and power over the decision-making process

For the next 4 CS, you need to be familiar with the policies, the power balance these involve (people, government, women, children, migrants etc) and the possibilities they entail for the country and its people.

If you want, use the 2nd half of the 4P template

Case study 1: Japan's policies regarding it's ageing society

For further research: 25 minute video on Japan's ageing problem

3.Ageing Pop Policies.pptx

As Its Population Ages, Japan Quietly Turns to ImmigrationOne of the most rapidly aging societies in the world, Japan is looking to immigration to address increased labor shortages—albeit slowly and largely without public debate. This country profile offers a brief overview of Japan’s migration history and examines the current immigration system, in particular policies and programs to bring in foreign workers, particularly on a temporary basis.

Case study 2: China's One Child Policy

Individually or in groups:

Reading 1 The One child Policy in China.
Reading 2: Liu Lili, China's two child policy one year on

As you read and watch the videos below, complete your 4P study notes, with a special focus on the policies, the power balance these involve (people, government, women, children, migrants etc) and the possibilities they entail for China and it's people.

Case Study 3: Pro Natalist Policy - Japan

Individually or in groups research the initiatives undertaken by the Japanese government to increase fertility

Make sure to have specific initiatives taken by the Japanese government to increase fertility
Evaluate the success of each initiative
Describe the consequences (real and implied) of each policy on Japan and its people
As always, complete your 4P study notes, with a special focus on the policies, the power balance these involve (people, government, women, children, etc) and the possibilities they entail for Japan and it's people.
My Diigo library will have a number of useful links

Case Study 4: Gender Equality Policy: Rwanda

Part 1:

Find a map placing Rwanda in Africa. Describe it's site and situation.
In a paragraph, write a brief history of the 1994 Rwandan genocide
Describe the current economic situation of Rwanda
Describe Goal 5 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Describe the Gender Gap Index. Describe its variables and evaluate its effectiveness in comparig countries gender disparity.
Explain Rwanda's position in the Gender Gap Index World ranking

Part 2 Readings and videos:

Reading 1: UN Case Study – Delivering as One on Gender in Rwanda
Reading 2: Rwanda's march towards gender parity by 2030 (possibilities)
- Make sure to have specific initiatives taken by Rwanda's government to increase gender equality
- Evaluate the success of each initiative
- Describe the consequences (real and implied) of each policy on Rwanda and its people
- As always, complete your 4P study notes, with a special focus on the policies, the power balance these involve (people, government, women, children, etc) and the possibilities they entail for Rwanda and it's people.

Case Study 5: Anti-Trafficking Policy

Discussion:

Any members of the human trafficking service group? Please discuss the issues you address.
What is slavery?
What kind of slavery exists today?
What items do you own that may have come from slave labor?
Where do you think slavery is most rampant? Link Tier ranking system
Find the UNESCO definition of slavery
How does it differ from the more traditional definition?
What are methods to limit human trafficking?
What are the difficulties of controlling human trafficking?

Each group will read one of these articles and discuss it to gain a deep understanding.

Modern Slavery, an Explainer, Kelly A, The Guardian
'Path to illegal behaviour': UK accused of failing to press home anti-slavery law, Kelly A, Whitehead F, The Guardian
'He'd only calm down if he killed one of us': victims of slavery on farms in Brazil, Maisonnave F, and Gross A.S., The Guardian
Latest figures reveal more than 40 million people are living in slavery, Kelly A, The Guardian

You will then be regrouped, one per reading and will write a paragraph for each of the following question on the whiteboard.

Using this Link, describe the distribution of slavery across the world today. (4 points)
Using named examples, describe the different type of slavery across the world today. (5 points)

Human Trafficking infographics

Each group will be assigned one infographic ( 1 2 3 4 ) and answer the following questions:

Describe the main message of your infographic
Describe a strength of your infographic in visually transmitting its message
Describe a weakness of your infographic in transmitting its message
Is there a bias in the infographic. If so, explain.

Japan's policies (homework for Thursday)

Read the US Department of State's report on human trafficking in Japan
- Take notes on the main origin and cause of human trafficking in Japan
- Take notes on prosecution, protection and prevention strategies in Japan.
Research the TITP and how it is a way for traffickers to bring slaves into Japan
Research what the Diet (国会 Kokkai) is doing to remedy the situation
Homework:
- Suggested reading: J. Weisberg's The Boy without a country
- Watch one or more of these videos:
  - Watch parts 1 to 3 (approx. 20 mins)

Demographic dividend:

IB outcomes:

The demographic dividend and the ways in which population could be considered a resource when contemplating possible futures
One case study of a country benefiting from a demographic dividend
Definition: The demographic dividend is the accelerated economic growth that may result from a decline in a country's birth and death rates and the subsequent change in the age structure of the population (PBR)
IB definition: As defined by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) demographic dividend means the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population's age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65 and older)
- "While family planning is necessary for establishing the conditions for a demographic dividend, investments in child health, education, and gender equality are critical additional steps that contribute to family planning use and economic growth." (PBR)

Case study: Rwanda's Demographic Dividend (DD)

Readings:

Take detailed notes of the factors that are making Rwanda optimistic about its DD

What government initiatives are taking place to ensure Rwanda's DD occurs?
What civil society initiatives are taking place to ensure Rwands's DD occurs?
What possible obstacles might happen to hinder Rwanda's DD?

Get ready for your first Unit test

You need to review the entire unit. Anything on the syllabus can be included in the exam
You will have a set of mandatory short answer questions, and a choice of 2 essays.
Make sure you have read all of Nagle and Cooke. p. 387-424
Review Questions in Nagle and Cooke:
- 1.1: p. 395
- 1.2 p. 408
- 1.3 p. 423

Practice exam. This will be the format of your unit test.

p. 424

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