El sistema circadiano humano desempeña un papel vital en muchos procesos fisiológicos, y los ritmos circadianos se encuentran prácticamente en todos los tejidos y órganos. Se cree que la función principal de este sistema es organizar los procesos fisiológicos temporalmente para anticipar períodos de actividad y de descanso. 

Los ritmos de estos procesos están controlados por "relojes" internos, con un reloj central ubicado en el cerebro que sirve como conductor de los relojes que se encuentran en casi todos los tejidos del cuerpo. Esta distribución generalizada denota la importancia de estos ritmos para la salud. Mantener la sincronía es clave para una salud óptima, y esto incluye la sincronía entre nuestros relojes internos, y entre estos y el mundo externo. El reloj central regula los relojes periféricos a través de varios mecanismos, incluidos el control de los ritmos de la temperatura corporal, la actividad del sistema nervioso autónomo, y varias hormonas, como el cortisol y la melatonina.  

Por lo tanto, la alteración crónica del ritmo circadiano a causa de factores como el trabajo nocturno, el horario de sueño tardío o irregular, y el horario de las comidas, pueden producir efectos nocivos relacionados con enfermedades crónicas como cardiovasculares, obesidad, diabetes mellitus, y cáncer.

La evidencia de los estudios observacionales de estos disruptores circadianos sugiere posibles efectos perjudiciales sobre la salud cardiometabólica, incluyendo mayor IMC/obesidad, presión arterial, dislipidemia e inflamación, y diabetes. Los autores recomiendan que las investigaciones futuras incluyan más estudios mecanicistas, estudios prospectivos y ensayos clínicos sobre la alteración circadiana y las enfermedades cardiometabólicas. Asimismo, sugieren desarrollar estrategias efectivas que minimicen la alteración circadiana, por ejemplo, en estudios de intervención se pueden explorar horarios óptimos de sueño y comida. Es importante además controlar la sincronización de las señales ambientales externas (como la luz) y los comportamientos que influyen en los ritmos circadianos. Por otro lado, es necesario la implementación de métodos de difusión para enseñar al público sobre la importancia de la “salud circadiana”. 

The human circadian system plays a vital role in many physiological processes, and circadian rhythms are found in virtually every tissue and organ. It is believed that the main function of this system is to organize physiological processes temporarily to anticipate periods of activity and rest.

The rhythms of these processes are controlled by internal “clocks,” with a central clock located in the brain that serves as the conductor of clocks found in almost every tissue in the body. This widespread distribution denotes the importance of these rhythms for health. Maintaining synchrony is key to optimal health, and this includes synchrony between our internal clocks, and between these and the external world. The central clock regulates peripheral clocks through several mechanisms, including control of body temperature rhythms, autonomic nervous system activity, and various hormones, such as cortisol and melatonin.

Therefore, the chronic alteration of the circadian rhythm due to factors such as night work, late or irregular sleep schedule, and meal schedule, can produce harmful effects related to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cancer.

Evidence from observational studies of these circadian disruptors suggests potential detrimental effects on cardiometabolic health, including increased BMI/obesity, blood pressure, dyslipidemia and inflammation, and diabetes. The authors recommend that future research include more mechanistic studies, prospective studies, and clinical trials on circadian disruption and cardiometabolic diseases. They also suggest developing effective strategies that minimize circadian disturbance, for example, in intervention studies optimal sleep and food schedules can be explored. It is also important to control the timing of external environmental signals (such as light) and behaviors that influence circadian rhythms.  On the other hand, it is necessary to implement dissemination methods to teach the public about the importance of "circadian health".

The human circadian system plays a vital role in many physiological processes, and circadian rhythms are found in virtually all tissues and organs. It is believed that the main function of this system is to organize physiological processes temporally to anticipate periods of activity and rest.

The rhythms of these processes are controlled by internal "clocks," with a central clock located in the brain serving as a conductor for clocks found in almost all tissues of the body. This widespread distribution denotes the importance of these rhythms for health. Maintaining synchrony is key to optimal health, and this includes synchronicity between our internal clocks, and between them and the external world. The central clock regulates peripheral clocks through several mechanisms, including the control of body temperature rhythms, the activity of the autonomic nervous system, and various hormones, such as cortisol and melatonin.

Therefore, chronic alteration of the circadian rhythm due to factors such as night work, late or irregular sleeping hours, and meal times can produce harmful effects related to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cancer.

Evidence from observational studies of these circadian disruptors suggests potential detrimental effects on cardiometabolic health, including increased BMI/obesity, blood pressure, dyslipidemia and inflammation, and diabetes. The authors recommend that future research includes more mechanistic studies, prospective studies, and clinical trials on circadian disruption and cardiometabolic diseases. Likewise, they suggest developing effective strategies that minimize circadian disruption, for example, in intervention studies optimal sleep and meal schedules can be explored. It is also important to control the timing of external environmental signals (such as light) and behaviors that influence circadian rhythms. On the other hand, it is necessary to implement dissemination methods to teach the public about the importance of “circadian health.”