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Phonological and phonemic awareness are essential Pre-reading skills. they are about LISTENING, not LOOKING. Phonological awareness and phonemic awareness are not the same thing.
Phonological awareness is a broader term, it covers the ability to rhyme, to count syllables, to understand the concept of words and phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness is a component of phonological awareness.
Rhyming e.g. cat, rat, hat, bat
Sentence segmenting e.g. How many words are in the sentence "I have a blue car."
Syllable segmenting/blending in a word e.g. hat-1 syllable; backpack-2 syllables; cucumber-3 syllables
Phonemic awareness is the ability to play with sounds in words. It covers isolating phonemes, segmenting/blending phonemes and manipulating phonemes.
Isolating phonemes e.g. What is the first sound in the word "cat" Answer: The sound /c/
Segmenting phonemes e.g. What are the sounds/phonemes in the word "cat"? Answer: the sounds /c/ /a/ /t/
Blending phonemes e.g. Put these sounds together to make a word. /b/ /i/ /g/ Answer: The word "big"
Manipulating phonemes e.g. Take the word "cat", and change the first sound /c/ into /h/ , what word does it become? Answer: hat
Example activities to develop phonological and phonemic awareness
Count words in a sentence with finger
Clap syllables in a word
What sound do you hear at the beginning/end?
Put sounds together, what word do you have?
Recite nursery rhyme
What rhymes with "boat" etc?
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