3rd Sunday of Advent - Gaudete Sunday
Gaudete (Latin) - means Rejoice!
This marks the midpoint of the Advent Season.
Zephaniah 3:14-18 - Rejoice. The LORD has removed judgement against you. He has turned away your enemies. Do not fear. Do not be discouraged. The LORD is in your midst.
(Letter/Epistle of St Paul to the) Philippians 4:4-7 - By prayer and petition with thanksgiving, make your requests known to God. God will guard your hearts and minds in Jesus. Rejoice. He is near.
Luke 3:10-18 - St John the Baptist continues to baptize with water and proclaims the coming of the Saviour, who will baptize with the holy Spirit and fire.
Inner Tunic
Outer Tunic
Outer Tunic
Winnowing fan
A "flat basket" for winnowing (a process by which chaff is separated from grain).
Chaff is the husk or outer covering of a grain.
Winnowing Fan
One way of using a winnowing fan
Threshing is the process of loosening the edible part of grain (or other crop) from the straw to which it is attached.
Threshing floor - one main type is a specially flattened outdoor surface, usually circular and paved.
Zephaniah
In this time of prophecy (not long before the fall of Jerusalem in 587 BC), the Jews worshipped false gods and "foreign practices". He prophesied on the judgement against the Jews and also on their deliverance (that God will save them).
Philippians
Those who lived in Philippi (in present day Greece).
St Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles (non-Jews), wrote this letter to the early Church in Philippi, where he established the first Christian community in Europe.
Luke
He was a physician. He was a disciple of St Paul.
He wrote the Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts (or Acts of the Apostles).
John the Baptist
He is the cousin of Jesus.
His mother is Elizabeth, whom Mary visited. Both were pregnant with their respective sons. (Luke 1:39-45)
He encouraged the Jews to repent. This was marked by the baptism in the Jordan River. He baptized many Jews including Jesus. (Matthew 3:13-17)
Conversion - joy and justice.