Lectionary for this day - This has all the readings and Gospel
Sirach 3:2-6, 12-14 - This mentions blessings and advice to children about honoring their father and mother.
(Letter/Epistle of St Paul to the) Colossians 3:12-21 - This talks about virtues that we are to have and about the Christian family.
Matthew 2:13-15, 19-23 - The Flight to Egypt and The Return from Egypt
Flee to Egypt: Egypt was a traditional place of refuge for those fleeing from danger in Palestine (see 1 Kings 11:40; Jeremiah 26:21), but the main reason why the child is to be taken to Egypt is that he may relive the Exodus experience of Israel.
The fulfillment citation is taken from Hosea 11:1. Israel, God’s son, was called out of Egypt at the time of the Exodus; Jesus, the Son of God, will similarly be called out of that land in a new exodus. The father-son relationship between God and the nation is set in a higher key. Here the son is not a group adopted as “son of God,” but the child who, as conceived by the Holy Spirit, stands in unique relation to God. He is son of David and of Abraham, of Mary and of Joseph, but, above all, of God.
This letter is addressed to a congregation at Colossae in the Lycus Valley in Asia Minor, east of Ephesus (in today's Turkey). At the time of writing, Paul had not visited there. More information here.
Matthew
He was a tax collector. He was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus.
12 Apostles - the first 12 people that Jesus called to follow Him.
King Herod
Also known as Herod I, or Herod the Great.
Herod reigned from 37 BC to 4 BC. He was a "client king" under the Roman empire.
Archelaus
Son of King Herod
With the agreement of the Roman emperor Augustus, Archelaus received half of his father’s kingdom, including Judea, after Herod’s death. He had the title “ethnarch” (that is, “ruler of a nation”) and reigned from 4 BC to AD 6.
Ethnarch - generally refers to political leadership over a common ethnic group.
Judea
In the time of Jesus, Judea is a Roman province.
Nazareth
Where St Joseph and Mother Mary lived
Where Angel Gabriel appeared to Mother Mary (the annunciation)
Where Jesus grew up.
This is located in today's Israel's northern district.
It is near the Sea of Galilee (also known as Lake Tiberias)
Nazorean
Someone from Nazareth
Courtesy of Wikipedia