Of course, when we speak of “beliefs” we are referring to the sorts of pre-predicative formulations of which Husserl spoke, and that appear as much in daily life as in science. Therefore, it is of little importance whether a belief has mythical or scientific roots, since in any case it involves prepredicates that have been formed previous to any rational judgment. (8) 

Historians and archaeologists of different times have experienced the serious difficulties presented by those situations in which data have been all but discarded because they had been considered irrelevant—and later it was precisely these same data, earlier abandoned or discredited by “good sense,” that occasioned a fundamental turning point in historiology. (9)

    (9) Remembering Schliemann, for example, and his (for many at the time) disconcerting discoveries.

In: Historiological Discussions, Silo

Chapter 1: The Past as Viewed from the Present 1.1 The Distortion of Mediated History

Heinrich Schliemann (1822 - 1890)

Topics

• Archaeological excavations in Troy: Schliemann's most famous and important project was the search for and excavation of Troy. Convinced of the historical reality of Homer's tales, he devoted a large part of his life to discovering and exploring the ancient city.

• Discovering and exploring ancient sites: In addition to Troy, Schliemann also carried out significant excavations in Mycenae. His work contributed significantly to the popularisation of the ancient world.

• Developing archaeological methods: Schliemann modernised archaeology as a science by introducing new methods. He helped to raise the profile of archaeology as a discipline.

• Collection and interpretation of ancient artefacts: An important aspect of Schliemann's work was the discovery and interpretation of artefacts, such as the ‘Priam's Treasure’. Although his interpretations were often controversial, his finds contributed significantly to our understanding of ancient cultures.

Excavations

1. Troy: This was Schliemann's most famous and important project. He conducted several excavation campaigns in Troy, beginning in 1871. The search for and excavation of Troy was a central theme of his archaeological work.

2. Mycenae: Schliemann conducted significant excavations at Mycenae. This work contributed significantly to the study and popularisation of the Mycenaean culture.

3. Tiryns: The search results mention that Schliemann also carried out excavations in Tiryns. This ancient city in Greece was another important site of his archaeological work.

4. Orchomenos: Schliemann excavated in Orchomenos in 1880/81 and discovered the so-called ‘Treasury of Minyas’, the legendary founder of the city.

Influence

Schliemann revolutionised archaeology by establishing the Homeric epics as historical sources through his excavations in Troy, Mycenae and other ancient sites, thus awakening public and scientific interest in the Bronze Age in the eastern Mediterranean.

His spectacular finds, in particular the ‘Treasure of Priam’, and his media-savvy self-staging contributed significantly to the popularisation of archaeology and inspired subsequent generations of researchers and adventurers.

Although his methods are viewed critically from today's perspective, Schliemann's systematic approach and documentation of his work laid important foundations for modern archaeology and contributed to its recognition as an independent scientific discipline.