The Westminster Shorter Catechism (Bible Presbyterian) |
威斯敏斯特小教理问答（笃信圣经长老会）

Q. 1. What is the chief end of man?

A. Man’s chief end is to glorify God, and to enjoy him forever.

一问：人生的首要目的是什么？

答：人生的首要目的就是荣耀上帝（诗86:9；赛60:21；罗11:36；林前6:20；10:31；启4:11）， 并以祂为乐，直到永远（诗16:5-11；73:24-26；144:15；路2:10；约17:22，24；腓4:4；启21:3-4）。

Q. 2. What rule hath God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him?

A. The word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him.

二问：上帝赐给我们什么准则以指导我们荣耀祂，并以祂为乐呢？

答：记载于旧新约圣经中的上帝的圣言（太19:4-5与创2:24；路24:27，44；林前2:13；14:37；彼后1:20-21；3:2，15-16），是指导我们荣耀祂，并以祂为乐的唯一准则（申4:2；诗19:7-11；赛8:20；约15:11；20:30-31；徒17:11；加1:8，9；提后3:15-17；约壹1:4）。

Q. 3. What do the Scriptures principally teach?

A. The Scriptures principally teach what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of man.

三问：圣经对人主要的教训是什么？

答：圣经对人主要的教训是：人对上帝当信什么（创1:1；约5:39；罗10:17；提后3:15），并且上帝要人当尽什么责任（申10:12-13；书1:8；诗119:105；弥6:8；提后3:16-17）。

Q. 4. What is God?

A. God is a Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable, in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth.

四问：上帝是怎样的上帝？

答：上帝是个灵 （申4:15-19；路24:39；约1:18；4:24；徒17:29），他的存有（出3:14；诗115:2-3；提前1:17；6:15-16）、智慧（诗104:24；147:5；罗11:33-34；16:27）、权能（创17:1；诗62:1；耶32:17；太19:26；启1:8；19:6）、圣洁（赛57:15；约17:11；来1:13；彼前1:15-16；约壹3:3；启4:8；15:4）、公义（创18:25；出34:6-7；申32:4；诗96:13；罗3:5，26），恩慈（诗103:5；107:8太19:17；罗2:4）和信实（出34:6；申32:4；诗86:15；117:2；来6:18），都是无限（王上8:27；诗139:7-10；145:3；147:5；耶23:24；罗11:33-36）、永恒（申33:27；诗90:2；102:12，24-27；启1:4，8）、不变的（诗33:11；90:2；玛3:6；来1:12；6:17-18；13:8；雅1:17），

Q. 5. Are there more Gods than one?

A. There is but one only, the living and true God.

五问：上帝是独一的吗？

答：上帝是独一无二（申6:4；赛44:6；45:21-22；林前8:4-6），又真又活的（耶10:10；约17:3；帖前1:9；约壹5:20）。

Q. 6. How many persons are there in the Godhead?

A. There are three persons in the Godhead: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory.

六问：上帝有几个位格？

答：上帝有三个位格：圣父，圣子，圣灵（太3:16-17；28:19；林后13:14；彼前1:2）；这三个位格是同一上帝，同质 ，同权，同荣（诗45:6；约1:1；17:5；徒5:3-4；罗9:5；西2:9；犹24-25）。

Q. 7. What are the decrees of God?

A. The decrees of God are, his eternal purpose, according to the counsel of his will, whereby, for his own glory, he hath foreordained whatsoever comes to pass.

七问：上帝的预旨是什么？

答：上帝的预旨乃是他随己意定永恒的目的，为着他自己的荣耀，预定了万事（诗33:11；赛14:24；徒2:23；4:27-28；弗1:11；2:10；罗9:22，23；11:33）。

Q. 8. How doth God execute his decrees?

A. God executeth his decrees in the works of creation and providence.

八问：上帝怎样实施他的预旨？

答：上帝在创造之工和护理之工中实施他的预旨（诗148:8；赛40:26；但4:35；徒4:24-28；弗1:11；启4:11）。

Q. 9. What is the work of creation?

A. The work of creation is, God’s making all things of nothing, by the word of his power, in the space of six days, and all very good.

九问：上帝的创造之工是什么？

答：创造之工乃是上帝用他权能的话（创1:1；诗33:6，9；来11:3；启4:11），六日之内从无中造出万有，并且都是很好的（创1:31）。

Q. 10. How did God create man?

A. God created man male and female, after his own image, in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness, with dominion over the creatures.

十问：上帝怎样造人？

答：上帝照着他自己的形象造人，乃是造男造女（创1:27），有知识（西3:10）、公义和圣洁（弗4:24），并赋予他们治理万物的权柄（创1:28；诗8）。

Q. 11. What are God’s works of providence?

A. God’s works of providence are, his most holy, wise, and powerful preserving and governing all his creatures, and all their actions.

十一问：上帝的护理之工是什么？

答：上帝的护理之工乃是：他极其圣洁地（诗145:17）、智慧地（诗104:24）、有权能地（来1:3），继续保守（尼9:6），并统管（弗1:19-22）他所创造的万有及其一切行动（诗36:6；103:19；箴16:33；太10:29-30）。

Q. 12. What special act of providence did God exercise towards man, in the estate wherein he was created?

A. When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon  the pain of death.

十二问：上帝对起初受造的人有什么特别的护理？

答：上帝创造了人，就与他立生命的约，以完全的顺服为条件（比较创2:16，17与罗5:12-14；10:5；路10:25-28）；并用死的刑罚，禁止他吃分别善恶树上的果子（创2:17）。

Q. 13. Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?

A. Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.

十三问：我们的始祖守住起初受造的状况了吗？

答：我们的始祖在当初意志自由的状况中，因犯罪干犯上帝，便从起初受造的状况中堕落了（创3:6-8，13；林后11:3）。

Q. 14. What is sin?

A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.

十四问：什么是罪？

答：罪就是不遵行或违背上帝的律法（利5:17；罗3:23；约一3:4；雅4:17）。

Q. 15. What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?

A. The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created, was their eating the forbidden fruit.

十五问：是什么罪使我们的始祖从原来受造的状况中堕落的？

答：是吃禁果之罪使我们的始祖从原来受造的状况中堕落的（创3:6）。

Q. 16. Did all mankind fall in Adam’s first transgression?

A. The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.

十六问：全人类都在亚当的首次犯罪中堕落了吗？

答：上帝与亚当所立的约（创2:16-17；雅2:10），不仅是为他，也是为他的后裔（徒17:26；参十二问），所以那按常例而生由他传下的全人类，都在他里面犯了罪，他首次犯罪中与他一同堕落了（罗5:12-20；林前 15:21-22）。

Q. 17. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?

A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.

十七问：堕落使人类处于什么状况之中？

答：堕落使人类处于罪恶和愁苦的状况之中（创3:16-19，23；罗3:16；5:12；加3:10；弗2:1）。    

Q. 18. Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?

A. The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam’s first sin, the want of original righteousness, and the corruption of his whole nature, which is commonly called original sin; together with all actual transgressions which proceed from it.

十八问：人堕落后所处的有罪状况在于什么？

答：人堕落后所处的有罪状况在于亚当第一次犯罪所负的罪债（罗5:12，19；林前15:22），原义的丧失（罗3:10；西3:10；弗4:24），和整个人性的败坏（诗51:5；58:3；约3:6；罗3:10-20；8:7-8；弗2:1-3），即所谓原罪，以及由原罪所生发的本罪（创6:5；诗53:1-3；太15:19；罗3:23；加5:19-21；雅1:14-15）。

Q. 19. What is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?

A. All mankind, by their fall, lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made liable to all miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of hell forever.

十九问：人堕落后所带来的愁苦是什么？

答：全人类因堕落而丧失了与上帝的交通（创3:8，24；约8:34，42，44；弗2:12；4:18），并处于他的忿怒（约3:36；罗1:18；弗2:3；5:6）和咒诅之下（加3:10；启22:3），因此当受今生的一切痛苦（创3:16-19；伯5:7；传2:22-23；罗8:18-23）、死亡（结18:4；罗5:12；6:23）和地狱永远的苦楚（太25:41，46；罗5:14；6:23；帖后1:9；启14:9-11）。

Q. 20. Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?

A. God, having, out of his mere good pleasure, from all eternity, elected some to everlasting life, did enter into a covenant of grace, to deliver them out of the estate of sin and misery, and to bring them into an estate of salvation by a Redeemer.

二十问：上帝任凭全人类在罪恶和愁苦中灭亡吗？

答：上帝既然完全因着他自己的美意，从永恒拣选了一些人得永生（徒13:48；弗1:4-7；帖后2:13-14），便与他们立恩典之约，藉一位救赎主把他们从罪恶和愁苦中救出来，使他们进入得救的状况（创3:15；17:7；出19:5-6；耶31:31-34；太20:28；林前11:25；多3:4-7；来9:15）。

Q. 21. Who is the Redeemer of God’s elect?

A. The only Redeemer of God’s elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so was, and continueth to be God and man, in two distinct natures, and one person, forever.

二十一问：谁是上帝选民的救赎主？

答：上帝选民惟一的救赎主乃是主耶稣基督（约14:6；徒4:12；提前2:5-5），他是上帝永恒之子（诗2:7；太3:17；17:5；约1:18），成为人（赛9:6；太1:23；约1:14；加4:4；腓2:6），因此曾经是，并且继续是神人二性，一个位格，直到永远（徒1:11；腓2:5-11；来7:24-25）。

Q. 22. How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?

A. Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her, yet without sin.

二十二问：基督既是上帝之子，是怎样成为人的？

答：上帝之子基督取了人实在的身体和有理性的灵魂，成为人（太26:38；约1:14；腓2:7；来2:14，17），因着圣灵的权能，在童女马利亚腹中成孕，从她出生（路1:27，31，35，41-42；加4:4），只是没有罪（林后5:21；来4:15；7:26；约壹3:5）。

Q. 23. What offices doth Christ execute as our Redeemer?

A. Christ, as our Redeemer, executeth the office of a prophet, of a priest, and of a king, both in his estate of humiliation and exaltation.

二十三问：作为我们的救赎主，基督执行什么职分？

答：作为我们的救赎主，基督执行先知（申18:18；徒3:22-23；路4:18，21；来1:1-2）、祭司（来4:14-15；5:5，6）和君王（赛9:6，7；诗2:6；路1:32-33；约18:37；林前15:25；启19:16）的职分，他在降卑和升高中都是如此。

Q. 24. How doth Christ execute the office of a prophet?

A. Christ executeth the office of a prophet, in revealing to us, by his word and Spirit, the will of God for our salvation.

二十四问：基督怎样执行先知的职分呢？

答：基督执行先知的职分，是藉他的道（路4:18-19，21；徒1:1-2；来2:3）和灵（约15:26-27；徒1:8；彼前1:11），向我们启示上帝拯救我们的旨意（约4:41-42；20:30-31）。

Q. 25. How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?

A. Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice, and reconcile us to God; and in making continual intercession for us.

二十五问：基督怎样执行祭司的职分呢？

答：基督执行祭司的职分，是一次将他自己献上为祭，满足了上帝的公义（赛53；徒8:32-35；罗10:4；来9:14，28；10:12），使我们与上帝和好（罗5:10-11；林后5:18；西1:21-22；来2:17），并为我们继续代求（罗8:34；来7:25；9:24）。

Q. 26. How doth Christ execute the office of a king?

A. Christ executeth the office of a king, in subduing us to himself, in ruling and defending us, and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies.

二十六问：基督怎样执行君王的职分呢？

答：基督执行君王的职分，在于征服我们归向他（诗110:3），统管并保护我们（赛33:22；太28:18-20；约17:2；西1:13），抑制并战胜他和我们所有的仇敌（诗2:6-9；110:1-2；太12:28；徒12:17；18:9，10；林前15:24-26；西2:15）。

Q. 27. Wherein did Christ’s humiliation consist?

A. Christ’s humiliation consisted in his being born, and that in a low condition, made under the law, undergoing the miseries of this life, the wrath of God, and the cursed death of the  cross; in being buried, and continuing under the power of death for a time.

二十七问：基督的降卑是在于什么？

答：基督的降卑是在于生于卑微的状况中（路2:7；林后8:9；腓2:6-8；），处在律法之下（加4:4），受此生的苦楚（赛53:3；路9:58；约4:6；11:35；来2:18），上帝的忿怒（诗22:1；赛53:10；太27:46；路22:41-44），和十字架上被咒诅的死（加3:13；腓2:8），又被埋葬，一时处于死的权势之下（太12:40；林前15:3，4）。

Q. 28. Wherein consisteth Christ’s exaltation?

A. Christ’s exaltation consisteth in his rising again from the dead on the third day, in ascending up into heaven, in sitting at the right hand of God the Father, and in coming to judge the  world at the last day.

二十八问：基督的升高在于什么？

答：基督的升高是在于他第三天从死里复活（林前15:3，4），升天（诗68:18；徒1:11；弗4:8），坐在父上帝的右边（诗110:1；徒2:33-34；弗1:19-20），末日再来审判世界（太16:27；徒1:11；17:31）。

Q. 29 How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?

A. We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ, by the effectual application of it to us by his Holy Spirit.

二十九问：我们怎样才能分享基督所买来的救赎呢？

答：我们分享基督所买来的救赎，乃是靠圣灵将它有效地运用到我们的身上（约1:12，13；3:5，6；多3:5，6）。

Q. 30 How doth the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?

A. The Spirit applieth to us the redemption purchased by Christ, by working faith in us, and thereby uniting us to Christ in our effectual calling.

三十问：圣灵怎样将基督所买来的救赎运用到我们身上呢？

答：圣灵将基督所买来的救赎运用到我们身上，乃是藉着他在我们里面所生发的信心（罗10:17；林前2:12-16；弗2:8；腓1:29），这样便使我们因有效的蒙召，从而与基督联合（约15:5；林前1:9；6:17；弗3:17；彼前5:10）。

Q. 31. What is effectual calling?

A. Effectual calling is the work of God’s Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel.

三十一问：什么是有效的恩召？

答：有效的恩召是圣灵的工作（提后1:8，9；弗1:18-20），他使我们确知自己有罪，并处于愁苦之中（徒2:37），又光照我们的理性，使我们认识基督（徒26:18），更新我们的意志（申30:6；结11:19；36:26-27；约3:5；多3:5），就说服我们，使我们能够接受（约6:44-45；徒16:14）在福音里白白赐给我们的耶稣基督（约6:44，45；腓2:13；申30:6；弗2:5）。

Q. 32. What benefits do they that are effectually called partake of in this life?

A. They that are effectually called do in this life partake of justification, adoption, and sanctification, and the several benefits which, in this life, do either accompany or flow from them.

三十二问：有效蒙召的人今生享受什么福分？

答：有效蒙召的人今生享受称义（罗8:30），得儿子的名分（弗1:5），成圣（彼前1:2；帖后2:13），以及随之而来的各样福分（林前1:30；6:11；弗1:5）。

Q. 33. What is justification?

A. Justification is an act of God’s free grace, wherein he pardoneth all our sins, and accepteth us as righteous in his sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone.

三十三问：称义是什么？

答：称义是上帝的作为，出于他白白的恩典（罗3:24），由此而赦免我们一切的罪（罗4:6-8；弗1:7），并悦纳我们为义人（罗4:5；3:22，24，25；林后5:19，21），这仅是因为基督的义归于我们（罗5:17-19），且惟独用信心才能接受的 （罗5:1；徒10:43；加2:16；腓3:9）。

Q. 34. What is adoption?

A. Adoption is an act of God’s free grace, whereby we are received into the number, and have a right to all the privileges, of the sons of God.

三十四问：什么是得儿子的名分？

答：得儿子的名分是上帝的作为，出于他白白的恩典（约一3:1），使我们因此被纳入上帝众子的数目中，并享有作上帝儿子的一切特权（约1:12；罗8:17）。

Q. 35. What is sanctification?

A. Sanctification is the work of God’s free grace, whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness.

三十五问：什么是成圣？

答：成圣是上帝的作为，出于他白白的恩典（结36:27；腓2:13；帖后2:13），使我们整个的人照着上帝的形象被更新（林后5:17；弗4:23-24；帖前5:23），并得以愈来愈能向罪而死，向义而活（结36:25-27；罗6:4，6，12-14；8:4；林后7:1；彼前2:24）。

Q. 36. What are the benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification?

A. The benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are, assurance of God’s love, peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Ghost, increase of grace, and perseverance therein to the end.

三十六问：我们今生从称义、得儿子的名分和成圣得到什么益处呢？

答：今生从称义、得儿子的名分和成圣所得的益处乃是：对上帝慈爱的确信（罗5:5），良心的平安（罗5:1），在圣灵里的喜乐（罗14:17），恩典的增多（西1:10，11；箴4:18；弗3:16-18；彼后3:18），和在其中至终的保守（耶32:40；约一2:19，27；启14:12；彼前1:5；约一5:13）。

Q. 37. What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?

A. The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness, and do immediately pass into glory; and their bodies, being still united to Christ, do rest in their graves till the  resurrection.

三十七问：信徒死时从基督领受什么益处？

答：信徒死时，他们的灵魂在圣洁上达于完全（来12:23），并且立刻进入荣耀里（路23:43；16:23；林后5:6-8；腓1:23）；他们的身体仍旧与基督联合（帖前4:14），暂时安息在坟墓中，直到复活之时（但12:2；约5:28-29；徒24:15；罗8:23；帖前4:14）。

Q. 38. What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?

A. At the resurrection, believers being raised up in glory, shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment, and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoying of God to all eternity.

三十八问：在复活的时候，信徒从基督领受什么恩惠？

答：在复活的时候，信徒既然在荣耀中复活（林前15:42-43），就在审判日当众被主承认，判为无罪（太25:33-34，46；10:32），并在充分以上帝为乐中完全蒙他赐福（罗8:29；林前2:9；约壹3:2），直到永远（诗16:11；帖前4:17）。

Q. 39. What is the duty which God requireth of man?

A. The duty which God requireth of man is obedience to his revealed will.

三十九问：上帝要人尽什么本分？

答：上帝要人所尽的本分乃是顺服他显明的旨意（申29:29；弥6:8；撒上15:22；约壹5:2-3）。

Q. 40. What did God at first reveal to man for the rule of his obedience?

A. The rule which God at first revealed to man for his obedience, was the moral law.

四十问：上帝起初向人启示了什么作为顺服他的标准呢？

答：上帝起初向人启示了道德律作为顺服他的标准（罗2:14-15；10:5）。

Q. 41. Wherein is the moral law summarily comprehended?

A. The moral law is summarily comprehended in the ten commandments.

四十一问：道德律集中体现在什么里面？

答：道德律集中体现在十诫里面（申4:13；太19:17-19）。

Q. 42. What is the sum of the ten commandments?

A. The sum of the ten commandments is, to love the Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind; and our neighbor as ourselves.

四十二问：十诫的总纲是什么？

答：十诫的总纲就是：我们要尽心、尽性、尽力、尽意爱主我们的上帝；又要爱人如己（太 22:37-40）。

Q. 43. What is the preface to the ten commandments?

A. The preface to the ten commandments is in these words, l am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.

四十三问：十诫的序言是什么？

答：十诫的序言是：“我是耶和华你的上帝，曾将你从埃及地为奴之家领出来”（出20:2；申5:6）。

Q. 44. What doth the preface to the ten commandments teach us?

A. The preface to the ten commandments teacheth us, that because God is the Lord, and our God, and Redeemer, therefore we are bound to keep all his commandments.

四十四问：十诫的序言教训我们什么？

答：十诫的序言教训我们，因为上帝是主、我们的上帝和救赎者，所以我们有责任遵守他的一切诫命（路1:74-75；彼前1:14-19）。

Q. 45. Which is the first commandment?

A. The first commandment is, Thou shalt have no other gods before me.

四十五问：第一条诫命是什么？

答：第一条诫命是：“在我面前（合和本译为“除我以外”），你不可有别的神”（出20:3；申5:7）。

Q. 46. What is required in the first commandment?

A. The first commandment requireth us to know and acknowledge God to be the only true God, and our God; and to worship and glorify him accordingly.

四十六问：第一条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第一条诫命吩咐我们要认识并承认上帝是独一的真神，是我们的上帝（申26:17；代上28:9；赛45:20-25）；并要如此去崇拜他，荣耀他（诗95:6，7；29:2；太4:10）。

Q. 47. What is forbidden in the first commandment?

A. The first commandment forbiddeth the denying, or not worshiping and glorifying the true God as God, and our God; and the giving of that worship and glory to any other, which is due to him alone.

四十七问：第一条诫命禁止什么？

答：第一条诫命禁止我们否认（诗14:1）、不敬拜或不荣耀真神为上帝（罗1:20-21），为我们的上帝（诗81:10-11），又禁止我们将只当归于他的崇拜和荣耀归于任何受造物（结8:16-18；罗1:25）。

Q. 48. What are we especially taught by these words, “before me”, in the first commandment?

A. These words, before me, in the first commandment teach us, that God, who seeth all things, taketh notice of, and is much displeased with, the sin of having any other God.

四十八问：第一条诫命中“在我面前”一语特别教训我们什么？

答：第一条诫命中“在我面前”一语教训我们，上帝无所不见，他注意到人另有别神之罪，大为不悦（申30:17-18；代上28:9；诗44:20-21；结8:12）。

Q. 49. Which is the second commandment?

A. The second commandment is, Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the  water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.

四十九问：第二条诫命是什么？

答：第二条诫命是：“你不可为自己雕刻偶像；也不可作什么形像，仿佛上天、下地和地底下、水中的百物。不可跪拜那些像；也不可事奉他，因为我耶和华你的上帝是忌邪的上帝。恨我的，我必追讨他的罪，自父及子，直到三四代；爱我守我诫命的，我必向他们发慈爱，直到千代”（出20:4-6；申5:8-10）。

Q. 50. What is required in the second commandment?

A. The second commandment requireth the receiving, observing, and keeping pure and entire, all such religious worship and ordinances as God hath appointed in his Word.

五十问：第二条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第二条诫命吩咐我们对上帝在圣经中所指定的宗教崇拜和蒙恩之道，要接受遵守，保持纯全（申12:32；32:46；太28:20）。

Q. 51. What is forbidden in the second commandment?

A. The second commandment forbiddeth the worshiping of God by images, or any other way not appointed in his Word.

五十一问：第二条诫命禁止什么？

答：第二条诫命禁止人用任何形像（申4:15-19；徒17:29；罗1:22-23），或用圣经中所未指定的其它任何方式敬拜上帝（利10:1-2；申12:30-32；耶19:4-5；西2:18-23）。

Q. 52. What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment?

A. The reasons annexed to the second commandment are, God’s sovereignty over us, his propriety in us, and the zeal he hath to his own worship.

五十二问：第二条诫命所附加的理由是什么？

答：第二条诫命上附加的理由乃是：上帝对我们拥有主权（诗95:2-3，6-7；96:9-10），我们是属他的子民（出19:5；诗45:11；赛54:5），并且他是忌邪的，要我们专心敬拜他（出34:14；林前10:22）。

Q. 53. Which is the third commandment?

A. The third commandment is, Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.

五十三问：第三条诫命是什么？

答：第三条诫命是：“你不可妄称耶和华你上帝的名，因为妄称他名的，耶和华必不以他为无罪”（出20:7；申5:11）。

Q. 54. What is required in the third commandment?

A. The third commandment requireth the holy and reverent use of God’s names, titles, attributes, ordinances, word, and works.

五十四问：第三条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第三条诫命吩咐人圣洁恭敬地使用上帝的名字、尊称（申10:20；诗29:2；太6:9）、属性（代上29:10-13；启15:3-4）、蒙恩之道（玛1:14；徒2:42；林前11:27-28）、话语（诗138:2；启22:18-19）和作为（诗107:21-24；启4:11）。

Q. 55. What is forbidden in the third commandment?

A. The third commandment forbiddeth all profaning or abusing of anything whereby God maketh himself known.

五十五问：第三条诫命禁止什么？

答：第三条诫命禁止人亵渎或滥用凡上帝用以显明他自己的一切（利19:12；赛5:12；玛2:2；太5:33-37；雅5:12）。

Q. 56. What is the reason annexed to the third commandment?

A. The reason annexed to the third commandment is, that however the breakers of this commandment may escape punishment from men, yet the Lord our God will not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment.

五十六问：第三条诫命所附加的理由是什么？

答：第三条诫所附加的理由乃是：虽然那干犯这条诫的人可以逃避人的刑罚，但是主我们的上帝却不容他逃避他公义的审判（申28:58-59；撒上3:13；4:11）。

Q. 57. Which is the fourth commandment?

A. The fourth commandment is, Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day, and hallowed it.

五十七问：第四条诫命是什么？

答：第四条诫命是：“当记念安息日，守为圣日。六日要劳碌作你一切的工；但第七日是向耶和华你上帝当守的安息日；这一日你和你的儿女、仆婢、牲畜，并你城里寄居的客旅，无论何工都不可作，因为六日之内，耶和华造天、地、海和其中的万物，第七日便安息，所以耶和华赐福与安息日，定为圣日”（出20:8-11；申5:12-15）。

Q. 58. What is required in the fourth commandment?

A. The fourth commandment requireth the keeping holy to God such set times as he hath appointed in his Word; expressly one whole day in seven, to be a holy Sabbath to himself.

五十八问：第四条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第四条诫命吩咐人将圣经所规定的时日都向上帝守为圣；他特意指定七日内一整天叫人向他守为圣安息日（出31:13，16-17；利19:30；申5:12，赛56:2-7）。

Q. 59. Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be the weekly Sabbath?

A. From the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, God appointed the seventh day of the week to be the weekly Sabbath; and the first day of the week, ever since, to  continue to the end of the world, which is the Christian Sabbath.

五十九问：上帝指定七日的哪一日为安息日？

答：上帝从世界的开始到基督复活，指定一周的第七日为安息日（创2:3；出20:11；路23:56）；此后直到世界的末了，指定一周的第一日为基督徒的安息日（可2:27-28；约20:19-26；徒20:7；林前16:1，2；启1:10）。

Q. 60. How is the Sabbath to be sanctified?

A. The Sabbath is to be sanctified by a holy resting all that day, even from such worldly employments and recreations as are lawful on other days; and spending the whole time in the public and private exercises of God’s worship, except so much as is to be taken up in the works of necessity and mercy.

六十问：怎样才是尊安息日为圣？

答：尊安息日为圣，乃是整日合乎圣洁地安息，甚至停止平日那些合乎上帝律法的属世职务和娱乐（出16:25-29，20:10；利23:3；尼13:15-22；赛58:13-14；耶17:21，22）；并用全部时间与众人一起或在家中敬拜上帝（出20:8；利23:3；诗92:1，2；赛58:13；路4:16；徒20:7），只有为着必须的工作和施行怜悯所占的时间才是例外（太12:1-13）。

Q. 61. What is forbidden in the fourth commandment?

A. The fourth commandment forbiddeth the omission, or careless performance of the duties required, and the profaning the day by idleness, or doing that which is in itself sinful, or by unnecessary thoughts, words, or works, about our worldly employments or recreations.

六十一问：第四条诫命禁止什么？

答：第四条诫禁止人对那当守的本分忽略或塞责（结22:26；玛1:13；摩8:5），并禁止人因怠惰，或行本来有罪的事（结23:38），或对俗务或娱乐发生不必需的心思、言语或行为，以致亵渎此日（赛58:13-14；耶17:24，27）。

Q. 62. What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment?

A. The reasons annexed to the fourth commandment are, God’s allowing us six days of the week for our own employments, his challenging a special propriety in the seventh, his own example, and his blessing the Sabbath day.

六十二问：第四条诫命所附加的理由是什么？

答：第四条诫命所附加的理由是：上帝让我们一周之内有六日作自己的工（出20:9；31:15-16），他要我们特别尊重第七日（利23:3），他自己也作了榜样（出31:17），并且赐福于安息日（创2:3）。

Q. 63. Which is the fifth commandment?

A. The fifth commandment is, Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

六十三问：第五条诫命是什么？

答：第五条诫命是：“当孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和华你上帝所赐你的地上，得以长久”（出20:12；申5:16）。

Q. 64. What is required in the fifth commandment?

A. The fifth commandment requireth the preserving the honor, and performing the duties, belonging to everyone in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.

六十四问：第五条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第五条诫命吩咐人按照各人的尊卑长幼，履行自己的本分，并给予对方当受的尊重（罗13:1，7；12:10；弗5:21-22，6:1，4-5，9；彼前2:17）。

Q. 65. What is forbidden in the fifth commandment?

A. The fifth commandment forbiddeth the neglecting of, or doing anything against, the honor and duty which belongeth to everyone in their several places and relations.

六十五问：第五条诫命禁止什么？

答：第五条诫命禁止人忽略或违反各人按其地位和身分当受的尊重和当得的侍奉（太15:4-6；罗13:7，8 ）。

Q. 66. What is the reason annexed to the fifth commandment?

A. The reason annexed to the fifth commandment is, a promise of long life and prosperity (as far as it shall serve for God’s glory and their own good,) to all such as keep this commandment.

六十六问：第五条诫命所附加的理由是什么？

答：第五条诫命所附加的理由是：有长寿和兴盛的应许（只要是为了荣耀上帝，造福自己）赐给凡遵守此诫命的人（出20:12；申5:16；弗6:2-3）。

Q. 67. Which is the sixth commandment?

A. The sixth commandment is, Thou shalt not kill.

六十七问：第六条诫命是什么？

答：第六条诫是：“不可杀人”（出20:13；申5:17）。

Q. 68. What is required in the sixth commandment?

A. The sixth commandment requireth all lawful endeavors to preserve our own life, and the life of others.

六十八问：第六条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第六条诫命吩咐人运用合乎上帝律法的各种方法，竭力保全自己和他人的生命（诗82:3，4；伯29:13；王上18:4；弗5:28-29）。

Q. 69. What is forbidden in the sixth commandment?

A. The sixth commandment forbiddeth the taking away of our own life or the life of our neighbor unjustly, or whatsoever tendeth thereunto.

六十九问：第六条诫命禁止什么？

答：第六条诫命禁止我们自杀（徒16:28），或不义地夺去邻舍的生命（创9:6），或有任何这样的倾向（太5:22；约一3:15；加5:15；箴24:11，12；出21:18-32）。

Q. 70. Which is the seventh commandment?

A. The seventh commandment is, Thou shalt not commit adultery.

七十问：第七条诫命是什么？

答：第七条诫命是：“不可奸淫”（出 20:14；申5:18）。

Q. 71. What is required in the seventh commandment?

A. The seventh commandment requireth the preservation of our own and our neighbor’s chastity, in heart, speech, and behavior.

七十一问：第七条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第七条诫命吩咐我们在心思（太5:28）、言语（弗4:29；西4:6）和行为上（彼前3:2），保守自己（帖前4:3-5）和邻舍的贞洁（林前7:2-3，5；弗5:11-12）。

Q. 72. What is forbidden in the seventh commandment?

A. The seventh commandment forbiddeth all unchaste thoughts, words, and actions.

七十二问：第七条诫命禁止什么？

答：第七条诫禁止一切不洁的心思（太5:28）、言语（弗5:4）和行为（弗5:3）。

Q. 73. Which is the eighth commandment?

A. The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal.

七十三问：第八条诫命是什么？

答：第八条诫命是：“不可偷盗”（出20:15；申5:19）。

Q. 74. What is required in the eighth commandment?

A. The eighth commandment requireth the lawful procuring and furthering the wealth and outward estate of ourselves and others.

七十四问：第八条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第八条诫命吩咐我们，以合乎上帝律法的方式，取得并增加自己（帖后3:10-12；罗12:17；箴27:23）与别人的财富和产业（利25:35；箴13:4；20:4；24:30-34；腓2:4）。

Q. 75. What is forbidden in the eighth commandment?

A. The eighth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever doth, or may, unjustly hinder our own, or our neighbor’s wealth or outward estate.

七十五问：第八条诫命禁止什么？

答：第八条诫命禁止一切不正当地损害我们自己（提前5:8）和邻舍的财富或产业的言行（箴21:6；弗4:28；帖后3:7-10）。

Q. 76. Which is the ninth commandment?

A. The ninth commandment is, Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.

七十六问：第九条诫是什么？

答：第九条诫命是：“不可作假见证陷害人”（出20:16；申5:20）。

Q. 77. What is required in the ninth commandment?

A. The ninth commandment requireth the maintaining and promoting of truth between man and man, and of our own and our neighbor’s good name, especially in witness-bearing.

七十七问：第九条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第九条诫命吩咐人维护并促进人与人之间的诚实（亚8:16），以及我们自己（彼前3:16；徒25:10）和邻舍的名誉（约三12），尤其是在作见证时更当如此（箴14:5，25）。

Q. 78. What is forbidden in the ninth commandment?

A. The ninth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever is prejudicial to truth, or injurious to our own or our neighbor’s good name.

七十八问：第九条诫命禁止什么？

答：第九条诫命禁止有损诚实（箴19:5；6:16-19），有害我们自己或他人名誉的一切言行（利19:16；诗15:3；路3:14）。

Q. 79. Which is the tenth commandment?

A. The tenth commandment is, Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor’s.

七十九问：第十条诫命是什么？

答：第十条诫命是：“不可贪恋人的房屋；也不可贪恋人的妻子、仆婢、牛驴，并他一切所有的”（出20:17；申5:21）。

Q. 80. What is required in the tenth commandment?

A. The tenth commandment requireth full contentment with our own condition, with a right and charitable frame of spirit toward our neighbor, and all that is his.

八十问：第十条诫命吩咐什么？

答：第十条诫命吩咐我们要对自己的境况完全知足（诗34:1；腓4:11；提后6:6；来13:5），用正直仁爱的精神对待邻舍及其所拥有的一切（路15:6，9，11-32；罗12:15；林前13:4-6；腓2:4）。

Q. 81. What is forbidden in the tenth commandment?

A. The tenth commandment forbiddeth all discontentment with our own estate, envying or grieving at the good of our neighbor, and all inordinate motions and affections to anything that is his.

八十一问：第十条诫命禁止什么？

答：第十条诫命禁止我们对自己的现状不满（林前10:10；雅3:14-16），对邻舍的善况嫉妒、难受（加5:26），并对他所拥有的表现出非分的举动和感受（西3:5）。

Q. 82. Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?

A. No mere man, since the fall, is able, in this life, perfectly to keep the commandments of God; but doth daily break them, in thought, word, and deed.

八十二问：人能完全遵守上帝的诫命吗？

答：自从堕落以来，无人能在今生完全遵守上帝的诫命（王上8:46；约一1:8至2:6）；反倒天天在心思（创8:21）、言语（雅3:8）和行为上（雅3:2），违背上帝的诫命（罗3:9，23）。

Q. 83. Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous?

A. Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than others.

八十三问：一切违反上帝律法的罪都是同等可憎的吗？

答：在上帝眼中，有些罪因其本身，或因诸般加重情节，比别的罪更是可憎（结8:6，13，15；诗19:13；太11:20-24；约19:11）。

Q. 84. What doth every sin deserve?

A. Every sin deserveth God’s wrath and curse, both in this life, and that which is to come.

八十四问：每个罪该受什么处罚？

答：每个罪在今生和来生都该遭受上帝的忿怒和咒诅（太25:41；加3:10；弗5:6；雅2:10）。

Q. 85. What doth God require of us, that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?

A. To escape the wrath and curse of God, due to us for sin, God requireth of us faith in Jesus Christ, repentance unto life, with the diligent use of all the outward means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption.

八十五问：上帝为叫我们逃避因自己的罪所当受的烈怒和咒诅，对我们有什么吩咐呢？

答：上帝为叫我们逃避因自己的罪所当受的烈怒和咒诅，吩咐我们信耶稣基督，悔改得生（可1:15；约3:18；徒20:21），并殷勤使用基督藉以将救赎恩惠赐给我们的一切外在工具（徒2:38；林前11:24-25；西3:16）。

Q. 86. What is faith in Jesus Christ?

A. Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace, whereby we receive and rest upon him alone for salvation, as he is offered to us in the gospel.

八十六问：什么是信耶稣基督？

答：信耶稣基督是一种与救恩相伴的美德（来10:39），藉此使我们照福音所显明的基督（约6:40）接待他（约1:12），并惟独靠他得救（腓3:9）。

Q. 87. What is repentance unto life?

A. Repentance unto life is a saving grace, whereby a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin, and apprehension of the mercy of God in Christ, doth, with grief and hatred of his sin, turn from it unto God, with full purpose of, and endeavor after, new obedience.

八十七问：什么是悔改得生？

答：悔改得生是一种与救恩相伴的美德（徒11:18；罗4:16；弗2:8-9），藉此一个罪人，由于确实觉知自己有罪（诗51:1-4；徒2:37），并领悟到上帝在基督里的怜悯（珥2:13），就对自己的罪忧伤恨恶，从而离弃罪，归向上帝（耶31:18，19；路1:16-17；徒26:18；林后7:11；帖后1:9），并真心致力于顺服上帝（代下7:14；诗119:57-64；太3:8；林后7:14）。

Q. 88. What are the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption?

A. The outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the Word, Sacraments, and Prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation.

八十八问：基督藉什么外在和通常工具将救赎的益处赐给我们呢？

答：基督藉以将救赎的益处赐给我们的外在和通常工具，就是他的赐恩之道，特别是圣经、圣礼和祷告，他使这一切在选民身上生效，使他们得救（太28:19，20；徒2:41，42）。

Q. 89. How is the word made effectual to salvation?

A. The Spirit of God maketh the reading, but especially the preaching of the Word, an effectual means of convincing and converting sinners, and of building them up in holiness and comfort, through faith, unto salvation.

八十九问：圣经怎样对人有拯救的效力呢？

答：上帝的灵使读经，尤其是讲道，成为有效的工具，使罪人知罪归正（尼8:8-9；诗19:7；119:130；来4:12），并使他们因着信心在圣洁和安慰上得到建造（帖前1:6；罗1:16；16:25；徒20:32）。

Q. 90. How is the Word to be read and heard, that it may become effectual to salvation?

A. That the Word may become effectual to salvation, we must attend thereunto with diligence, preparation, and prayer: receive it with faith and love, lay it up in our hearts, and practice it in our lives.

九十问：怎样读经听道，才能使上帝的圣言对人有拯救的效力呢？

答：要使上帝的圣言对人生发拯救的效力，我们必须用勤勉（申6:6；箴8:34）、预备（路8:18；彼前2:1，2）和祷告（诗119:18）来读经听道，用信（来4:2）与爱（帖后2:10）去领受真道，存在心里（诗119:11），并在生活中实行出来（路8:15；雅1:25）。

Q. 91. How do the Sacraments become effectual means of salvation?

A. The Sacraments become effectual means of salvation, not from any virtue in them, or in him that doth administer them; but only by the blessing of Christ, and the working of his Spirit in them that by faith receive them.

九十一问：圣礼怎样成为与救恩有关的有效工具？

答：圣礼成为与救恩有关的有效工具，并非因其本身有什么功效，或施行者本人有什么功德，而只是由于基督所赐的祝福，和圣灵在那些以信心领受圣礼之人心中的运行（林前3:7；6:11；12:13；彼前3:21）。

Q. 92. What is a Sacrament?

A. A Sacrament is an holy ordinance instituted by Christ; wherein, by sensible signs, Christ and the benefits of the new covenant are represented, sealed, and applied to believers.

九十二问：什么是圣礼？

答：圣礼是基督所设立的神圣的蒙恩之道，这有形的记号代表基督和新约的恩惠（太26:26-28;28:19；加3:27；林前10:16-17），并向信徒印证、施与（罗4:11）。

Q. 93. Which are the Sacraments of the New Testament?

A. The Sacraments of the New Testament are, Baptism, and the Lord’s Supper.

九十三问：什么是新约的圣礼？

答：新约的圣礼是洗礼（太28:19）和圣餐（林前11:23-26）。

Q. 94. What is Baptism?

A. Baptism is a Sacrament, wherein the washing with water, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost doth signify and seal our ingrafting into Christ, and partaking of the benefits of the covenant of grace, and our engagement to be the Lord’s.

九十四问：什么是洗礼？

答：洗礼是圣礼。我们在其中奉父、子、圣灵的名受水洗（太28:19），代表并印证我们与基督联合，承受恩典之约的恩惠（加3:27；罗6:3），并且归属主（罗6:4）。

Q. 95. To whom is Baptism to be administered?

A. Baptism is not to be administered to any that are out of the visible church, till they profess their faith in Christ, and obedience to him; but the infants of such as are members of the visible church are to be baptized.

九十五问：应为谁施洗呢？

答：对有形教会以外的人，要到他们认信基督，并且愿意顺服他时（徒2:41；8:12，36，38；18:8），才给他们施洗；但有形教会之成员的婴孩都应受洗（创17:7，9-11；徒2:38-39；16:32-33；22:16；罗6:3-4；加3:17，18，29；西2:11-12；彼前3:21）。

Q. 96. What is the Lord’s Supper?

A. The Lord’s Supper is a Sacrament, wherein, by giving and receiving bread and wine, according to Christ’s appointment, his death is showed forth; and the worthy receivers are, not after a corporal and carnal manner, but by faith, made partakers of his body and blood, with all his benefits, to their spiritual nourishment and growth in grace.

九十六问：什么是圣餐？

答：圣餐是圣礼。我们在其中照基督的吩咐分发并领受饼和酒，以表明他的死（太26:26-27；路22:19-20；林前11:23-26）；配领受者并非属物质地或属肉体地，而是藉着信心领受他的体和血，以及其一切恩惠，使他们的灵命得滋养，在恩典里有长进（林前10:16-17；弗3:17）。