In the book "PREXIT: Forging Puerto Rico's Path to Sovereignty", Javier A. Hernández proposes a preliminary organizational structure for the NDF (the Puerto Rican Armed Forces), inspired by the organizational structures and models of small, yet robust military and security forces of countries like Israel, Singapore, Taiwan, and other nations:

• NDF-National Militia: land-based militia corps organized in regional commands, infantry corps, brigades, international peacekeeping forces, emergency management groups, and engineering corps. Diaspora Puerto Ricans will also be able to enlist to serve in the NDF via the Diaspora Program.
• NDF-Maritime Force: sea-based Naval Defense Corps, Maritime Security Service (MSS), maritime medical groups, Maritime Operations Group, and maritime service battalions.
• NDF-Aeronautics Force: made up of the Puerto Rico Air Force, NDF Drone Brigade, NDF Helicopter Squadrons, and the Aeronautics Operations Group to defend Puerto Rico’s air space and aerospace interests.
• NDF-Gendarmerie: border and port security force, protection of government and NDF facilities, and a division that handles internal affairs and NDF investigations.
• NDF-Strategic Operations Corps: an elite unit of Puerto Rican militia and special operations experts.
• NDF-Foreign Brigade: an auxiliary service branch primarily made up of volunteer foreigners (mainly Spanish-speaking Latin Americans, Hispanic-Americans, and Equatoguineans) who contract and enlist to serve in the NDF as professional militia for a period of six years to augment the National Militia in domestic and overseas missions. At the conclusion of their service with an honorable discharge, the foreigner with civil residency will be rewarded with Puerto Rican citizenship, the right to reside/work/vote in Puerto Rico with his/her family, and a service benefits package. Other qualified and talented foreigners would be considered as well.
• NDF-Peacekeeping Brigade: an auxiliary service branch of the National Militia made up of professional militia personnel trained to support UN Peacekeeping missions overseas.
• NDF-Counterterrorism Group: would plan and conduct all antiterrorist and counterterrorist operations, WMD operations, perform hostage rescues, special reconnaissance, and direct-action operations.
• NDF-Expeditionary Force: the only NDF unit authorized to operate in overseas military missions in defense of Puerto Rican sovereignty, territorial integrity, and Puerto Rican national interests and in support of allied and United Nations forces to defend democracy, world peace, and security.
• NDF-Joint Strategic Operations Command: the NDF component command that plans and conducts joint special operation exercises and training, ensures communications compatibility across all joint forces, and oversees all special missions in Puerto Rico and overseas. The NDF-JSOC would have operational relationships with other Puerto Rico and foreign security forces and special units.
• NDF Reserves: a reserve division made up of NDF veterans and citizen volunteers.
• NDF-General Staff: the supreme administrative command of the NDF