Big Idea 2. Bonding and intermolecular forces explain the chemical and physical properties of matter.

Section 8.1: Chemical Bonds, Lewis Symbols, and the Octet Rule

o Write Lewis symbols for atoms and ions.

Section 8.2: Ionic Bonding

o Define lattice energy and be able to arrange compounds in order of increasing lattice energy based on the charges and sizes of the ions involved.

Section 8.3: Covalent Bonding

o Use atomic electron configurations and the octet rule to draw Lewis structures for molecules.

Section 8.4: Bond Polarity and Electronegativity

o Use electronegativity differences to identify non-polar covalent, polar covalent, and ionic bonds.

o Calculate charge separation and diatomic molecules based on the experimentally measured dipole moment and bond lengths.

Section 8.5: Drawing Lewis Structures

o Calculate formal charges from Lewis structures and use those formal charges to identify the dominant Lewis structure for a molecule or ion.

Section 8.6: Resonance Structures

o Recognize molecules where resonance structures are needed to describe the bonding and draw the dominant resonance structures.

Section 8.7: Exceptions to the Octet Rule

o Recognize exceptions to the octet rule and draw accurate Lewis structures even when the octet rule is not obeyed.

Section 8.8: Strengths and Lengths of Covalent Bonds

o Predict the relationship between bond type (single, double, and triple), bond strength (enthalpy), and bond length.