Big Idea 3. Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms and describe how matter changes.

Section 20.1: Oxidation States and Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

o Identify oxidation, reduction, oxidizing agent, and reducing agent in a chemical equation.

Section 20.2: Balancing Redox Reactions

o Complete and balance redox equations using the method of half reactions.

Section 20.3: Voltaic Cells

o Sketch a voltaic cell and identify its cathode, anode, and the directions in which electrons and ions move.

Section 20.4: Cell Potentials Under Standard Conditions

o Calculate standard emfs (cell potentials), E°_cell, from standard reduction potentials.

o Use reduction potentials to predict whether a redox reaction is spontaneous.

Section 20.5: Free Energy and Redox Reactions

o Relate E°_cell to DG° and equilibrium constants.

Section 20.6: Cell Potentials Under Nonstandard Conditions

o Calculate emf under non-standard conditions.

Section 20.7: Batteries and Fuel Cells

o Identify the components of common batteries.

o Describe the construction of a lithium ion battery and explain how it works.

o Describe the construction of a fuel cell and explain how it generates electrical energy.

Section 20.8: Corrosion

o Explain how corrosion occurs and how it is prevented by cathodic protection.

Section 20.9: Electrolysis

o Describe the reactions and electrolytic cells.

o Relate amounts of products and reactants in redox reactions to electrical charge.