Big Idea 2. Bonding and intermolecular forces explain the chemical and physical properties of matter.

Section 9.1: Molecular Shapes

Section 9.2: The VSEPR Model

o Draw and name the predicted three-dimensional shapes of molecules using the VSEPR model.

Section 9.3: Molecular Polarity

o Determine whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar based on its geometry and the individual bond dipole moments.

Section 9.4: Covalent Bonding and Valence Bond Theory

o Explain the role of orbital overlap in the formation of covalent bonds.

Section 9.5: Hybrid Orbitals

o Determine the hybridization of atoms in molecules based on observed molecular structures.

Section 9.6: Multiple Bonds

o Sketch how orbitals overlap to form sigma (s) and pi (p) bonds.

o Explain the existence of delocalized pi bonds in molecules such as benzene.

o Count the number of electrons in a delocalized pi system.

Section 9.7: Molecular Orbitals

o Explain the concept of bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals and draw examples of s and p molecular orbitals.

Section 9.8: Bonding in Period 2 Diatomic Molecules

o Draw molecular orbital energy-level diagrams and place electrons in them to obtain the bond orders and electron configurations of diatomic molecules using molecular orbital theory.

o Correlate bond order, bond strength (bond enthalpy), bond length, and magnetic properties with molecular orbital descriptions of molecules.