Big Idea 2. Bonding and intermolecular forces explain the chemical and physical properties of matter.

Section 11.1: A Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Section 11.2: Intermolecular Froces

o Identify the intermolecular attractive interactions (dispersion, dipole dipole, hydrogen bonding, ion dipole) that exist between molecules or ions based on their composition and molecular structure and compare the relative strength of these intermolecular forces.

o Explain the concept of polarizability and how it relates to dispersion forces.

Section 11.3: Select Properties of Liquids

o Explain the concepts of viscosity, surface tension, and capillary action.

Section 11.4: Phase Changes

o List the names of the various changes of state for a pure substance and indicate which are endothermic and which are exothermic.

o Interpret heating curves and calculate the enthalpy changes related to temperature changes and phase changes.

Section 11.5: Vapor Pressure

Section 11.6: Phase Diagrams

o Define critical pressure, critical temperature, vapor pressure, normal boiling point, normal melting point, critical plate, and triple plate.

o Interpret and sketch phase diagrams. Explain how water’s phase diagram differs from most other substances and why.

Section 11.7: Liquids Crystals

o Describe how the molecular arrangements characteristic of nematic, smectic, and cholesteric liquid crystals differ from ordinary liquids and from each other. Recognize the features of molecules that favor formation of liquid crystalline phases.