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Types of error
Types of error
Gross Error / Human Error
Random Error
Systematic Error
>> Systematic errors, random errors, and gross error are the three types of errors that are commonly encountered. Errors that occur on a regular basis. Systematic errors have identifiable causes and may, in theory, be avoided. These types of errors result in measured values that are frequently too high or too low.
>> Systematic errors, random errors, and gross error are the three types of errors that are commonly encountered. Errors that occur on a regular basis. Systematic errors have identifiable causes and may, in theory, be avoided. These types of errors result in measured values that are frequently too high or too low.
Gross Error
Gross Error
Gross error is simply what we call human mistakes in using instruments or meters, calculating measurement and recording data results. For example, a worker is taking the reading for the meter of a pressure gauge which is he may read it 17 as 11. Gross error can be avoided by using the certain method.
CAUSE
Human make mistakes such as in having a meter reading or in using instrument
PROBLEM
This error cannot be solved in a certain mathematical way or can be eliminated. This error can be minimalized.
EXAMPLE
Improper method of reading a instrument meter.
SOLUTION
Take a several reading such as 3 to minimize the effect ambient changes.
random error
random error
One measurement may fluctuate somewhat from the next due to random error. It occurs as a result of unpredictably changing conditions during an experiment. If a reading is taken the same way each time, systematic error always impacts measurements by the same amount or proportion.
Random error caused by unknown causes which its occur when all systematic error has been encountered. It is also due to accumulation of small value.
Solution this error is to increase the number of reading on the result value. To avoid the accumulation of small value, use statistical methods to obtain the best approximation of the true value.
Systematics error
Systematics error
Also known as loading error, systematic error are errors that come from inaccuracy from an instrument or system which is involving either the observation and measurement process. The effect of systematic error will not be reduced when the value is averaged due to non-zero.
Also known as loading error, systematic error are errors that come from inaccuracy from an instrument or system which is involving either the observation and measurement process. The effect of systematic error will not be reduced when the value is averaged due to non-zero.
CAUSE
Error coming from the instrument inaccuracy by aging or comes from the effect of the environment.
CLASSIFICATION
STATIC: Caused by the measurement device's limitations or the physical rules that control its activity.
DYNAMIC: Caused by the instrument's inability to respond quickly enough to changes in a measured variable.
TYPES
Instrumental error
environmental error
observational error
TYPES OF SYSTEMATICS ERROR
INSTRUMENTAL ERROR
INSTRUMENTAL ERROR
Caused by intrinsic in instrument measuring because of their mechanical structure such as improper calibration or faulty instruments.
This error can be solve by having a proper maintenance or calibrate the instrument against standard.
ENVIRONMENTAL ERROR
ENVIRONMENTAL ERROR
Caused by external condition which is surrounding area temperature or humidity.
To prevent or solve this error, seal certain components in the instruments and use air conditioner.
OBSERVATIONAL ERROR
OBSERVATIONAL ERROR
The difference between a measured value of quantity and its exact value is what we call observational error. This observational is manageable so the work and research can continue.
Caused by parallax error and estimation error. When an observer take an significant angle to read the instrument meter, it tends to give an error on that reading by miss looking the number and scale on the meter.
To solve this, read the meter on the instrument on the correct angle.
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