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Standard of measurement is defined as physical representation of a unit of measurement.
A unit of measurement is realized by reference to either an artifact, a natural phenomenon or standardized procedure of measurement using standardized measurement method and equipment.
A standard is a known accurate measure of physical quantity.
Standard of measurement can be classified according to their function and type of application as follow :
International Standard
Primary Standard
Secondary Standard
Working Standard
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
International agreement and they represent certain units of measurement to the closet possible accuracy.
Function:
May be used for comparisons with primary standards
SECONDARY STANDARD
Basic references standards used by measurement and calibration laboratories in the industry.
Periodically check at the institution that maintain primary standards.
Function:
References for calibrating high accuracy equipment in industry.
Verifying the accuracy of working standard.
Issues a certificate of measuring accuracy in term of a primary standard.
PRIMARY STANDARD
These are calibrated independently by absolute measurements at each of the national laboratories. The results of such measurements are compared against each other, leading to a world average figure for the primary standards.
Function:
Verification and calibration of secondary standards.
WORKING STANDARD
Principle tools of a measurements laboratory.
High accuracy devices that commercially available and dully check.
Function:
Check and calibrate the laboratory.
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