A lesson plan is the teacher’s compendium of what students need to learn and how it will be done effectively during the class time. It also involves designing and incorporating appropriate learning activities and strategies to obtain substantive feedback on student learning. A well-constructed lesson plan prepared by a teacher for a particular lesson allows him/her to enter the classroom with more confidence and a greater possibility of having engaging activities that will result in a meaningful learning experience with students.
In this segment of learning experience, you will be exposed to various activities that allows you to examine different lesson plan exemplars and its parts, and an opportunity to construct your own lesson plan.
Lesson plan provides a general outline of your teaching goals, learning objectives, and means to accomplish them, and is by no means exhaustive. Teacher used the most common format of the lesson plan which is the OSLEA(Objectives, Subject Matter, Learning Procedure, Evaluation, Assignment/Agreement) wherein the objectives contains the three domains of learning, the subject matter includes the topic, references, and materials to be used, in learning procedure consists of the step-by-step instructions which inudes the drill/motivation, review, presentation of the lesson, discussion, generalization, and application. Moreover, evaluation involves hands-on activities or quizzes or group presentations and lastly, assignment/agreement embodies the task or activities that the students need to do at home.
OBJECTIVES – provide goals to be attained, gives directions for the class discussion, and call for what outcomes to expect. It involves the three domains of learning, the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor, and it should be attainable and measurable.
SUBJECT MATTER- it contains the topic, references, and materials to be use.
LEARNING PROCEDURE - is an in-depth explanation of how the lesson will progress in the classroom. The lesson procedure is essentially step-by-step instructions that walk you through everything from the time students enter the classroom until the bell rings at the end of the period. It includes drill/motivation, review, presentation of the lesson, discussion, generalization, and application.
EVALUATION- it measures whether your students learned a lesson’s information and met your lesson objectives. Some of the most common assessment options includes quizzes, hands-on activities and group presentations.
ASSIGNMENT -a task or piece of work that you are given to do, especially as part of your job or studies.
The part that I think is easy to construct is the discussion and assignment because the content of the discussion is in the teacher’s guide and learner’s materials while in the assignment you can just give them a simple exercises or ask them to review their next lesson. The part of the lesson that is difficult to construct is the objectives because you cannot do the entire lesson plan without constructing or creating your learning objectives.
There are few teaching methods used by the teacher, first we have direct instruction wherein the teacher is lecturing, but still includes time for guided and independent practice. Another method is experiential learning wherein students “learn by doing” and by reflecting on the experience. Lastly we have inquiry-based learning, it engages students by making real-world connections through exploration and high-level questioning.
The written lesson plan was successfully executed and attained the intended learning outcomes throughout the process, wherein the three learning domains (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) were present. Activities and assessment are aligned with the objectives, which allows the teacher to develop and communicate the pathway for students’ learning progression.
We have encountered difficulties in constructing our lesson plan's objectives. Planning for lesson’s objectives is very crucial as it contains the learning goal for students, these are statements about what students will know and be able to do at the end of a lesson. It is difficult to construct learning objectives because you should make sure that all the three domains of learning are present and must be measured and attained at the end of the lesson. Aside from that, you should also choose the appropriate verbs to use for each domain. We also encountered difficulties in creating and incorporating instructional materials. These materials helps us to engaged the learners in the discussion so we need to create instructional materials that meets the needs of the learners and matches their interest to catch their attention as well.
To address these challenges, we have to have wider our knowledge in creating or constructing learning objectives and incorporating instructional materials that will complement and help us attain the said objectives. In order to have enough or better knowledge about these, we will attend seminars, webinars and workshops to broaden our knowledge and enhance our skills which can help me to do better. In addition, we will seek help from other teachers, read books, watch video tutorials regarding these topics or issues and find related articles to learn more and have additional knowledge. Remember that once a teacher, always a learner.