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    • Gloucestershire Agreed Syllabus & SACRE
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    • Year 8
      • Knowledge Organisers Yr 8
    • Islam
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    • Christianity
    • Sikhism
    • Buddhism
    • Other Worldviews
    • Recommended Reading
  • GCSE Eduqas RS
    • Specification Tick Sheets-SCGCSE
    • Key Words-SCGCSE
      • Christian Key Words
        • The Nature of God
        • Creation
        • Jesus Christ
          • Beliefs and teachings about the incarnation of Jesus
          • Gospel of Mark
        • Eschatological Beliefs
        • Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed
        • Salvation and Atonement
      • Islamic Key words (shia)
        • Tawhid (Oneness)
        • Al-Adalat (Divine Justice)
        • Al-Nubuwwah (Prophethood)
        • Al-Imamah (Divine Leadership)
        • Al-Ma’ad (Hereafter)
        • Shi'a beliefs about Kutub (holy books), Malaikah (angels) and Al-Qadr (pred
          • Kutub (holy books)
          • Malaikah (angels)
          • Al-Qadr
      • Islamic practices Key Words
      • Relationships
      • Life and Death Issues
    • Knowledge Organisers-Eduqas-GCSE
      • Christian Beliefs and Teachings KO SC
      • Christian Practices KO
      • Islamic Beliefs and Teachings KO
      • Islamic Practices KO
      • Relationships KO
      • Life and Death Issues KO
      • Good and Evil KO
      • Human Rights KO
    • Topic on a Page GCSE
      • Christain Beliefs and Teachings ToaP
      • Christian Practices ToaP
      • Islamic Beliefs and teachings ToaP
      • Islamic Practices (TOAP)
      • Relationships ToaP
      • Life and Death Issues ToaP
      • Human Rights ToaP
      • Good and Evil ToaP
    • Quizs Review / Recall / Revision SC
    • Quotes-SCGCSE
      • Christian Teaching-Quotes
      • Muslim Teaching-Quotes
      • Relationships -Quotes
      • Life and Death Issues-Quotes
    • Videos-SCGCSE
      • Christain Teachings and Beliefs-SCGCSE
      • Islamic Teachings and Beliefs-SCGCSE
      • Life And Death Issues-SCGCSE
      • Relationships-SCGCSE
    • Practice Questions-GCSE-RS
      • Christian Teachings Practice Questions
      • Christian Practices Practice Questions
      • Muslim Teachings Practice Questions
      • Christian Practices Model Answers
      • Muslim Practices
      • Relationships
      • Life and Death Issues
      • Good and Evil Practice Questions
      • Human Rights Practice Questions
    • Mark Schemes + Model Essay Answers SC
      • Example Christian Belief Answers
      • Example Muslim Belief Answers
      • Example Relationships Answers
      • Example Good and Evil Answers
      • Example Life + Death Answers
      • Example Human Rights Answers
      • Example Christian Practices Essay Answers
      • Example Islamic Practices Model Essay Answers
      • 2024 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2023 Mk-Sch GCSE RS
      • 2023 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2022 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2022 Mk-Sch GCSE RS
      • 2021 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2020 Mk-Schm GCSE RS
      • 2020 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2019 Mk-Schm GCSE RS
      • 2019 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2018 Mk-Schm GCSE RS
      • 2018 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
      • 2016 Mk-Schm GCSE RS
      • 2016 Mod-Ans GCSE RS
    • SAMPLE EXAM PAPERS SC
      • Christian Teachings Practice Papers
      • Muslim Teachings Practice Papers
      • Relationships Practice Papers
      • Life and death Issues Practice Papers
    • GCSE Express Revision Notes-SCGCSE
    • Learning Mats / Posters-SCGCSE
      • Christian Beliefs and Teachings
      • Christian Practices LMAPS
      • Islamic Beliefs and Teachings LMAP
      • Islamic Practices LMAPS
      • Relationships
      • Life and Death Issues
      • Good and Evil LMAPS
      • Human Rights LMAPS
    • Revision Guides + PPTS-GCSE
      • Christian Teachings
      • Christian Practices
      • Muslim Teachings
      • Muslim Pratices Rev
      • Good and Evil
      • Human Rights
      • Relationships
      • Life and Death Issues
    • Advice on Answering Questions
    • Practice Papers
    • Topic Tests
      • Islamic T+B Topic Test
      • Christian Beliefs + Teachings
      • Relationships Topic Test
      • Life And Death Topic Test
    • Topic Content for SC RE Learn Jourrney Review Booklets
      • ANSWERS: Christian B+T SC RE GCSE Learning Jourrney Review Booklets
      • QUESTIONS Christian B+T SC RE GCSE Learning Jourrney Review Booklets
      • ANSWERS: Islamic B+T SC RE GCSE Learning Jourrney Review Booklets
      • ANSWERS: Relationships SC RE GCSE Learning Jourrney Review Booklets
      • ANSWERS: Life + Death SC RE GCSE Learning Jourrney Review Booklets
    • Homework
  • GCSE Other
    • Specification Tick Sheets- FC GCSE
    • Key Words-FC GCSE
    • Knowledge Organisors FC GCSE
      • Buddhist Beliefs and Teachings KO
      • Buddhist Practices KO
      • Relationships KO
      • Life and Death Issues KO
      • Christian Beliefs and Teachings KO
    • Topic on a Page FC
      • Buddhist Beliefs and Teachings Toap
      • Buddhist Practices ToaP
    • Quotes- FC
      • Christian Practices Quotes
      • Buddhist Teachings Quotes
        • Dream + Birth Import + Other Quotes
        • 4 Sights Imp + Orther Quotes
        • Ascetic Life- The Buddha – Imp + Other Quotes
        • Enlightenment and Teaching- The Buddha–Imp + Other Quotes
        • The Dhamma//Dharma–Imp + Other Quotes
        • Nirvana – Imp + Other Quotes
        • Four noble truths– Imp + Other Quotes
        • Eightfold path- Importance + Other Quotes
        • Dependent origination/conditionality- Importance + Other Quotes
        • Three Marks of Existence – Imp + Other Quotes
        • 5 Skandhas –Human Personality – Imp + Other Quotes
        • Sunyata + Buddha Nature - Human Imp + Other Quotes
        • arhat and bodhisattva- Human Destiny -Imp + Other Quotes
        • Mahayana Imp + Other Quotes
        • Pureland - Human Destiny – Imp + Other Quotes Land
        • Karma The Five Precepts and 6 Perfections Imp + Other Quotes
      • Buddhist Practices Quotes
      • Good and Evil Quotes
      • Human Rights Quotes
    • Videos-FC GCSE
    • Practice Questions FC
      • Buddhist Teachings Questions
      • Buddhist Practices Practice Questions
    • Model Answers FC
      • Buddhist Teachings Model Answers
      • Buddhist Pratices Model Answers
    • FC Revision Guides + PPTs
      • Buddhist Teachings
      • Buddhist Practices
    • Podcasts
  • ALEVEL
    • Summer Transition Work
    • Philosophy -GCE
      • SPEC PHIL
      • DICTIONARY -P
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-D
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-D
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-D
        • Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel-D
        • Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-D
        • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-D
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-D
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil-D
      • Personal Learning Checkers -P
      • Knowledge Organisers -P
        • KO Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
        • KO Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument -P
        • KO Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel -P
        • KO Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument -P
        • KO Unit 2.1 Religious Experience -P
        • KO Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-P
        • KO Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil -P
        • KO Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
        • KO Anthology 2 JL Mackie -P
        • KO Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol -P
        • KO Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
        • KO Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
        • KO Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
        • KO Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
        • KO Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
        • KO 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death-P
        • KO 6.3 Science and Religion-P
      • Topic On a Page GCE -P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-P
        • ToaP-Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience -P
        • ToaP-Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-P
        • ToaP-Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol-P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
        • ToaP-Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
        • ToaP-Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
        • ToaP-Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
        • ToaP-6.2 Points for discussion about life after death-P
        • ToaP-6.3 Science and Religion-P
      • SELF STUDY -P
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-SSP
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-SSP
        • Anthology 1 Coplestone and Russel
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument
        • Unit 2.1 Religious Experience
        • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil
        • Anthology 2 JL Mackie
        • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol
        • Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification
        • Anthology 3 Flew and Hare
        • Anthology 4 Mitchel and Flew
        • Unit 4.3 Language Games
        • Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion
        • Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars
        • Unit 6.1 Life after Death
        • Unit 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death
        • Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
      • Revision-P
        • Unit 1.1 Design Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 2.1 Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 2.2 The Arg from Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as sol to the Prob of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 2 JL Mackie Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 3 Anthony Flew and RM Hare Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 4 Basil Michel and Anthony Flew Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.3 Language Games Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.1 Life after Death Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.3 Science and Religion Revision GCE RS -P
      • PEQs + Model Essays Phil
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
        • Anthology 1 PEQs + Model Ans -P
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
        • Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
        • Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
        • Unit 3.1 The Prob of E+S PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
        • Unit 3.2 Theodices PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
        • Anthology 2 PEQs + Model Ans -P
        • Unit 4.1 Reg Lang Analogy + Symbol PEQs + Model Essays-P
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 PEQs Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
        • Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal PEQs + Model Essays-P
          • 8 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 12 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 20 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 30 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
        • Anthology 3 -P
        • Anthology 4 -P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Reg Lang Lang Games -P
          • 8 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 12 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 20 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 30 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 5.1 Scholars Critiques + Postmod -P
          • 8 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 12 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 20 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 30 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 5.2 Scholars Cop + Rus -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 12 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 20 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 30 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.1 Life After Death -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.2 Arguments 4 LaD -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.3 Science and Religion -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
      • Topic Tests Phil
        • Unit 1.1 TT Design Arg -P
          • Unit 1 TT Answers Design Arg
        • Unit 1.2 TT 1st Casue Arg -P
        • TT Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel
        • Unit 1.3 TT Onto Arg -P
        • Unit 3.1 TT Problem of Evil
        • Unit 2.1 TT Nat of Rel Exp
        • Unit 2.2 TT Arg from Rel Exp
        • Unit 3.1 TT The Prob of Evil
        • Unit 3.2 TT Sol to the Prob of Evil
        • TT Anthology 2 JL Mackie
        • Unit 4.1 TT Analogy and Symbol
        • Unit 4.2 TT Verification and Falsification
        • TT Anthology 3 Anthony Flew and RM Hare
        • TT Anthology 4 Basil Michel and Anthony Flew
        • Unit 4.3 TT Language Games
        • Unit 5.1 TT Critiques of Religion
        • Unit 5.2 TT Work of Scholars
        • Unit 6.1 TT Life after Death
        • Unit 6.2 TT Points for discussion about LAD
        • Unit 6.3 TT Science and Religion
      • SAMs EG Ans-P
        • 2022-P
        • 2022 Exemplars-E
        • 2019-P
        • 2018 AS-P
        • 2018-P
        • 2017 AS-P
        • SAMS-P
      • Rec Reading -P
      • Philosophy Podcasts
      • Weblinks -P
    • Ethics -GCE
      • DICTIONARY -E
        • Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics-D
        • Unit 1.2 Equality-D
        • Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-D
        • Unit 2.2 Situation ethics-D
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics-D
        • Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law-D
        • Unit 3.1 War and Peace-D
        • Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics-D
        • Anthology 4 Virtue Ethics-D
        • Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics-D
        • Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality -D
        • Anthology 3 Kant-D
        • Unit 6.1a Issues in medical ethics with a focus on beginning + end-D
      • SPEC ETHICS
      • Knowledge Organisers -E
        • KO Unit 1.1 Environmental -E
        • KO Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • KO Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • KO Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • KO Unit 2.3 The natural Moral law-E
        • KO Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • KO Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • KO Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • KO Unit 4.2 Religion and Morality -E
        • KO Unit 5.1a Kant -E
        • KO Unit 5.1b Aristotle -E
        • KO Unit 6.1a Beginning of life Issues -E
        • KO Unit 6.1b End of life Issues -E
      • Topic On a Page GCE -E
        • ToaP-Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law-E
        • ToaP-Unit 3.1 War and Peace-E
        • ToaP-Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics_E
        • Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality
        • ToaP-Unit 5.1 A comparison of the work of Scholars-E
        • ToaP-Unit 6.1 Beginning of life Medical Issues-E
      • Ethics Personal Learning Checkers
      • SELF STUDY -E
        • Work Booklets
        • SS Environmental Ethics -E
        • SS Equality -E
        • SS Utilitarianism -E
        • SS Natural Moral Law -E
        • SS Situation Ethics -E
        • SS Anthology 1 Situation Ethics -E
        • SS Sexual Ethics -E
        • SS War and Peace -E
        • SS Anthology 2 Aristotle Virtue Ethics -E
        • SS Meta-ethics -E
        • SS Religion and Morality -E
        • SS Virtue Ethics + Kant -E
        • SS Anthology 3 Kantian Deontology -E
        • SS Medical Ethics -E
        • Anthology 4 Euthanasia Michel Wilcockson
      • Topic Tests -E
        • TT Unit 1.1 Environmental -E
        • TT Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • TT Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • TT Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • TT Unit 2.3 The natural Moral law-E
        • TT Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • TT Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • TT Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • TT Unit 4.2 Religion and Morality -E
        • TT Unit 5.1a Kant -E
        • TT Unit 5.1b Aristotle -E
        • TT Unit 6.1a Beginning of life Issues -E
        • TT Unit 6.1b End of life Issues -E
      • PEQs + Model Essays -E
        • PEQs Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • PEQs Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • Anthology 2 Aristotle VE -E
        • PEQs Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
        • PEQs Unit 5.1 Kant + Aristotle
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 Kant and Aristotle -E
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 -E
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 -E
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 -E
        • Anthology 3 Kant PEQs
        • PEQs Unit 6.1Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life
          • 8 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 12 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 20 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 30 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
        • Anthology 4 Wilcockson -E
      • Revision E
        • 1.1 Environmental Ethics R
        • 1.2 Equality R
        • 2.1 Utilitarianism R
        • 2.3 Natural Moral Law R
        • 2.3 Situation Ethics R
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics R
        • 3.1 War and Pacifism R
        • 3.2 Sexual Ethics R
        • 6 Medical Ethics R
        • 4.1 Meta Ethics R
        • 4.2 Religion and Morality R
        • 5a Virtue Ethics R
        • 5b Kantian Ethics R
        • 6.1-2 Medical Ethics R
      • Rec Reading + Web Links -E
      • Ethics Podcasts
      • SAMs EG Ans-E
        • 2022-E
        • 2022 Ex-E
        • 2019-E
        • 2018 AS-E
        • 2018-E
        • 2017 AS-E
        • SAMS 2016-E
    • Buddhism -GCE
      • SPEC BUD
      • PLCs -B
      • Knowledge Organisers -B
        • KO-Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths-B
          • EXT KO-Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths-B
        • KO-Unit 1.2 3 marks + 5 khandas
        • KO-Unit 1.3 3 refuges
        • KO-Unit 1.4 Moral Principles
        • KO-Unit 2.1 Buddh
          • EXTD KO-Unit 2.1 Buddh
        • KO-Anthology 1 Armstrong
        • KO-Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
          • EXTD KO-Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
        • KO-Unit 3.1 Theravada
        • KO-Unit 3.2 Mahayana
        • KO-Anthology 2 Basham -B
        • KO-Unit 3.3 Meditation
        • KO-Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud
        • KO-Unit 4.2 Triratna
        • KO-Unit 4.3 Gender
        • KO-Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • EXT KO-Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
        • KO-Anthology 3 Rahula -B
        • KO-Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
        • KO-Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
      • Revision-B
        • Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths - R
        • Unit 1.2 3 Marks + 5 Khandas -R
        • Unit 1.3 3 Refuges -R
        • Unit 1.4 Moral Principles -R
        • Unit 2.1 Buddha -R
        • Anthology 1 Armstrong -R
        • Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka -R
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada-R
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana-R
        • Anthology 2 Basham -R
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation-R
        • Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud-R
        • Unit 4.2 Triratna-R
        • Unit 4.3 Gender-R
        • Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars-R
        • Anthology 3 Rahula-R
        • Unit 6.1 Ahimsa-R
        • Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud-R
      • Dictionary
        • Unit 1.1 The Four Noble Truths Dictionary
        • Unit 1.2 The three marks and the Five khandas Dictionary
        • Unit 1.3 The three refuges Dictionary
        • Unit 1.4 Key Moral principles Dictionary
        • Unit 2.1 The Buddha Dictionary
        • Unit 2.2 The significance of the Tipitka Dictionary
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada Dictionary
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation Dictionary
        • Unit 4.1 The Spread of Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 4.2 Triratna Dictionary
        • Unit 4.3 Gender and Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 5.1 The Work of Scholars Dictionary
        • Unit 6.1 Buddhism and Ahimsa Dictionary
        • 6.2 Buddhism and Science.
      • Dictionary Express
      • Buddhism PEQs + Model Answers
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.2 3 marks + 5 khandas
          • 8 Mk Q Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Q Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.2 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.3 3 refuges
          • 8 Mk Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.4 Moral Prin
          • 8 Mk Q Model Answer Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Q Model Answer Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Q Model Answers UNit 1.4 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 2.1 Buddha
          • 8 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Anthology 1 Armstrong
        • Mod An Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 2.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Bud Unit 2.2
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 2.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An UNit 2.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.1 Theravada
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An UNit 3.1 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Mdoel An Unit 3.1 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Mdoel An Unit 3.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.2 Mahayana
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Anthology 2 Mahayana -B
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.3 Meditation
          • 8mk Q Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 12 Mk Q Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 20 MK Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 30 mk answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.2 Triratna
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.3 Gender
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Anthology 3 Rahula -B
        • Mod Ans Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
        • Mod Ans Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
        • Anthology 4 Yodhjiva Sutta -B
      • Self Study -B
        • Unit 1.1 The Four Noble Truths -SS
        • Unit 1.2 The three marks and the Five khandas -SS
        • Unit 1.3 The three refuges -SS
        • Unit 1.4 Key Moral principles-SS
        • Unit 2.1 The Life of the Buddha -SS
        • Anthology 1 Armstrong - The Enl of The B -SS
        • Unit 2.2 The significance of the Tipitka -SS
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana Buddhism -SS
        • Anthology 2 A.L.Basham -SS
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation -SS
        • Unit 4.1 The spread of Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 4.2 Tritratna -SS
        • Unit 4.3 Gender and Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars -SS
        • Anthology 3 Rahula --SS
        • Unit 6.1 Buddhism and Ahimsa. -SS
        • Anthology 4 Yodhajiva Sutta --SS
        • Unit 6.2 Buddhism and Contemporary Society -SS
        • Revision Booklets
        • Exam Guidance & Tips
      • Topic Tests -B
        • Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths -TT
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        • Anthology 1 Armstrong -TT
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        • Unit 3.1 Theravada-TT
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        • Anthology 2 Basham-TT
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        • Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud-TT
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      • SAMs EG Ans-B
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  • ALEVEL
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    • Philosophy -GCE
      • SPEC PHIL
      • DICTIONARY -P
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-D
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-D
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-D
        • Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel-D
        • Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-D
        • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-D
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-D
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil-D
      • Personal Learning Checkers -P
      • Knowledge Organisers -P
        • KO Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
        • KO Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument -P
        • KO Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel -P
        • KO Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument -P
        • KO Unit 2.1 Religious Experience -P
        • KO Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-P
        • KO Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil -P
        • KO Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
        • KO Anthology 2 JL Mackie -P
        • KO Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol -P
        • KO Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
        • KO Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
        • KO Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
        • KO Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
        • KO Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
        • KO 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death-P
        • KO 6.3 Science and Religion-P
      • Topic On a Page GCE -P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-P
        • ToaP-Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-P
        • ToaP-Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience -P
        • ToaP-Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-P
        • ToaP-Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol-P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
        • ToaP-Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
        • ToaP-Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
        • ToaP-Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
        • ToaP-Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
        • ToaP-6.2 Points for discussion about life after death-P
        • ToaP-6.3 Science and Religion-P
      • SELF STUDY -P
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-SSP
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-SSP
        • Anthology 1 Coplestone and Russel
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument
        • Unit 2.1 Religious Experience
        • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil
        • Anthology 2 JL Mackie
        • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol
        • Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification
        • Anthology 3 Flew and Hare
        • Anthology 4 Mitchel and Flew
        • Unit 4.3 Language Games
        • Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion
        • Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars
        • Unit 6.1 Life after Death
        • Unit 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death
        • Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
      • Revision-P
        • Unit 1.1 Design Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 2.1 Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 2.2 The Arg from Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as sol to the Prob of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 2 JL Mackie Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 3 Anthony Flew and RM Hare Revision GCE RS -P
        • Anthology 4 Basil Michel and Anthony Flew Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 4.3 Language Games Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.1 Life after Death Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death Revision GCE RS -P
        • Unit 6.3 Science and Religion Revision GCE RS -P
      • PEQs + Model Essays Phil
        • Unit 1.1 The Design Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
        • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
        • Anthology 1 PEQs + Model Ans -P
        • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
        • Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
        • Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
        • Unit 3.1 The Prob of E+S PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
        • Unit 3.2 Theodices PEQs + Model Essays -P
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
        • Anthology 2 PEQs + Model Ans -P
        • Unit 4.1 Reg Lang Analogy + Symbol PEQs + Model Essays-P
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 PEQs Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 4.1 Analogy + Symbol -P
        • Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal PEQs + Model Essays-P
          • 8 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 12 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 20 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
          • 30 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.2 Reg Lang Ver + Fal -P
        • Anthology 3 -P
        • Anthology 4 -P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Reg Lang Lang Games -P
          • 8 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 12 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 20 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
          • 30 Mk PEQs + Model Essays Unit 4.3 Lan Games-P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 5.1 Scholars Critiques + Postmod -P
          • 8 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 12 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 20 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
          • 30 Mk Unit 5.1 Critiques + Postmodernism
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 5.2 Scholars Cop + Rus -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 12 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 20 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
          • 30 Mks Unit 5.2 Cop and Russel-P
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.1 Life After Death -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.1 Nat of Life After Death
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.2 Arguments 4 LaD -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.2 Arg about LAD
        • PEQs + Model Essays Unit 6.3 Science and Religion -P
          • 8 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 12 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 20 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
          • 30 Mks Unit 6.3 Science and Religion
      • Topic Tests Phil
        • Unit 1.1 TT Design Arg -P
          • Unit 1 TT Answers Design Arg
        • Unit 1.2 TT 1st Casue Arg -P
        • TT Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel
        • Unit 1.3 TT Onto Arg -P
        • Unit 3.1 TT Problem of Evil
        • Unit 2.1 TT Nat of Rel Exp
        • Unit 2.2 TT Arg from Rel Exp
        • Unit 3.1 TT The Prob of Evil
        • Unit 3.2 TT Sol to the Prob of Evil
        • TT Anthology 2 JL Mackie
        • Unit 4.1 TT Analogy and Symbol
        • Unit 4.2 TT Verification and Falsification
        • TT Anthology 3 Anthony Flew and RM Hare
        • TT Anthology 4 Basil Michel and Anthony Flew
        • Unit 4.3 TT Language Games
        • Unit 5.1 TT Critiques of Religion
        • Unit 5.2 TT Work of Scholars
        • Unit 6.1 TT Life after Death
        • Unit 6.2 TT Points for discussion about LAD
        • Unit 6.3 TT Science and Religion
      • SAMs EG Ans-P
        • 2022-P
        • 2022 Exemplars-E
        • 2019-P
        • 2018 AS-P
        • 2018-P
        • 2017 AS-P
        • SAMS-P
      • Rec Reading -P
      • Philosophy Podcasts
      • Weblinks -P
    • Ethics -GCE
      • DICTIONARY -E
        • Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics-D
        • Unit 1.2 Equality-D
        • Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-D
        • Unit 2.2 Situation ethics-D
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics-D
        • Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law-D
        • Unit 3.1 War and Peace-D
        • Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics-D
        • Anthology 4 Virtue Ethics-D
        • Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics-D
        • Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality -D
        • Anthology 3 Kant-D
        • Unit 6.1a Issues in medical ethics with a focus on beginning + end-D
      • SPEC ETHICS
      • Knowledge Organisers -E
        • KO Unit 1.1 Environmental -E
        • KO Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • KO Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • KO Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • KO Unit 2.3 The natural Moral law-E
        • KO Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • KO Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • KO Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • KO Unit 4.2 Religion and Morality -E
        • KO Unit 5.1a Kant -E
        • KO Unit 5.1b Aristotle -E
        • KO Unit 6.1a Beginning of life Issues -E
        • KO Unit 6.1b End of life Issues -E
      • Topic On a Page GCE -E
        • ToaP-Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law-E
        • ToaP-Unit 3.1 War and Peace-E
        • ToaP-Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics-E
        • ToaP-Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics_E
        • Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality
        • ToaP-Unit 5.1 A comparison of the work of Scholars-E
        • ToaP-Unit 6.1 Beginning of life Medical Issues-E
      • Ethics Personal Learning Checkers
      • SELF STUDY -E
        • Work Booklets
        • SS Environmental Ethics -E
        • SS Equality -E
        • SS Utilitarianism -E
        • SS Natural Moral Law -E
        • SS Situation Ethics -E
        • SS Anthology 1 Situation Ethics -E
        • SS Sexual Ethics -E
        • SS War and Peace -E
        • SS Anthology 2 Aristotle Virtue Ethics -E
        • SS Meta-ethics -E
        • SS Religion and Morality -E
        • SS Virtue Ethics + Kant -E
        • SS Anthology 3 Kantian Deontology -E
        • SS Medical Ethics -E
        • Anthology 4 Euthanasia Michel Wilcockson
      • Topic Tests -E
        • TT Unit 1.1 Environmental -E
        • TT Unit 1.2 Equality-E
        • TT Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism-E
        • TT Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics-E
        • TT Unit 2.3 The natural Moral law-E
        • TT Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • TT Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • TT Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • TT Unit 4.2 Religion and Morality -E
        • TT Unit 5.1a Kant -E
        • TT Unit 5.1b Aristotle -E
        • TT Unit 6.1a Beginning of life Issues -E
        • TT Unit 6.1b End of life Issues -E
      • PEQs + Model Essays -E
        • PEQs Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.1 Environmental Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 Equality -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 Utilitarianism -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 Situation Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.3 The Natural Moral law -E
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 War and Peace -E
        • PEQs Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sexual Ethics -E
        • Anthology 2 Aristotle VE -E
        • PEQs Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.1 Meta-ethics -E
        • PEQs Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion and morality -E
          • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
          • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 4.2 The relationship between religion & morality -E
        • PEQs Unit 5.1 Kant + Aristotle
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 Kant and Aristotle -E
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 -E
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 5.1 -E
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 -E
        • Anthology 3 Kant PEQs
        • PEQs Unit 6.1Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life
          • 8 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 12 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 20 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
          • 30 Mk PEQs Unit 6.1 Medical Ethics Beginning + End of life -E
        • Anthology 4 Wilcockson -E
      • Revision E
        • 1.1 Environmental Ethics R
        • 1.2 Equality R
        • 2.1 Utilitarianism R
        • 2.3 Natural Moral Law R
        • 2.3 Situation Ethics R
        • Anthology 1 Situation Ethics R
        • 3.1 War and Pacifism R
        • 3.2 Sexual Ethics R
        • 6 Medical Ethics R
        • 4.1 Meta Ethics R
        • 4.2 Religion and Morality R
        • 5a Virtue Ethics R
        • 5b Kantian Ethics R
        • 6.1-2 Medical Ethics R
      • Rec Reading + Web Links -E
      • Ethics Podcasts
      • SAMs EG Ans-E
        • 2022-E
        • 2022 Ex-E
        • 2019-E
        • 2018 AS-E
        • 2018-E
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        • SAMS 2016-E
    • Buddhism -GCE
      • SPEC BUD
      • PLCs -B
      • Knowledge Organisers -B
        • KO-Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths-B
          • EXT KO-Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths-B
        • KO-Unit 1.2 3 marks + 5 khandas
        • KO-Unit 1.3 3 refuges
        • KO-Unit 1.4 Moral Principles
        • KO-Unit 2.1 Buddh
          • EXTD KO-Unit 2.1 Buddh
        • KO-Anthology 1 Armstrong
        • KO-Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
          • EXTD KO-Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
        • KO-Unit 3.1 Theravada
        • KO-Unit 3.2 Mahayana
        • KO-Anthology 2 Basham -B
        • KO-Unit 3.3 Meditation
        • KO-Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud
        • KO-Unit 4.2 Triratna
        • KO-Unit 4.3 Gender
        • KO-Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • EXT KO-Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
        • KO-Anthology 3 Rahula -B
        • KO-Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
        • KO-Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
      • Revision-B
        • Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths - R
        • Unit 1.2 3 Marks + 5 Khandas -R
        • Unit 1.3 3 Refuges -R
        • Unit 1.4 Moral Principles -R
        • Unit 2.1 Buddha -R
        • Anthology 1 Armstrong -R
        • Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka -R
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada-R
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana-R
        • Anthology 2 Basham -R
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation-R
        • Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud-R
        • Unit 4.2 Triratna-R
        • Unit 4.3 Gender-R
        • Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars-R
        • Anthology 3 Rahula-R
        • Unit 6.1 Ahimsa-R
        • Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud-R
      • Dictionary
        • Unit 1.1 The Four Noble Truths Dictionary
        • Unit 1.2 The three marks and the Five khandas Dictionary
        • Unit 1.3 The three refuges Dictionary
        • Unit 1.4 Key Moral principles Dictionary
        • Unit 2.1 The Buddha Dictionary
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        • Unit 3.1 Theravada Dictionary
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation Dictionary
        • Unit 4.1 The Spread of Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 4.2 Triratna Dictionary
        • Unit 4.3 Gender and Buddhism Dictionary
        • Unit 5.1 The Work of Scholars Dictionary
        • Unit 6.1 Buddhism and Ahimsa Dictionary
        • 6.2 Buddhism and Science.
      • Dictionary Express
      • Buddhism PEQs + Model Answers
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths
          • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.2 3 marks + 5 khandas
          • 8 Mk Q Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Q Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.2 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.2 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.3 3 refuges
          • 8 Mk Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.3 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 1.4 Moral Prin
          • 8 Mk Q Model Answer Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Q Model Answer Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 1.4 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Q Model Answers UNit 1.4 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Unit 2.1 Buddha
          • 8 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 20 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
          • 30 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism
        • Mod Ans Anthology 1 Armstrong
        • Mod An Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 2.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Bud Unit 2.2
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 2.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An UNit 2.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.1 Theravada
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An UNit 3.1 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Mdoel An Unit 3.1 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Mdoel An Unit 3.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.2 Mahayana
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 3.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Anthology 2 Mahayana -B
        • Mod Ans Unit 3.3 Meditation
          • 8mk Q Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 12 Mk Q Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 20 MK Model Answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
          • 30 mk answers Buddhism Unit 3.3
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.2 Triratna
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.2 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 4.3 Gender
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 4.3 Bud
        • Mod Ans Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 5.1 Bud
        • Mod Ans Anthology 3 Rahula -B
        • Mod Ans Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.1 Ahimsa
        • Mod Ans Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 8 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 12 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 20 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
          • 30 Mk Q Model An Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud
        • Anthology 4 Yodhjiva Sutta -B
      • Self Study -B
        • Unit 1.1 The Four Noble Truths -SS
        • Unit 1.2 The three marks and the Five khandas -SS
        • Unit 1.3 The three refuges -SS
        • Unit 1.4 Key Moral principles-SS
        • Unit 2.1 The Life of the Buddha -SS
        • Anthology 1 Armstrong - The Enl of The B -SS
        • Unit 2.2 The significance of the Tipitka -SS
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana Buddhism -SS
        • Anthology 2 A.L.Basham -SS
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation -SS
        • Unit 4.1 The spread of Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 4.2 Tritratna -SS
        • Unit 4.3 Gender and Buddhism -SS
        • Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars -SS
        • Anthology 3 Rahula --SS
        • Unit 6.1 Buddhism and Ahimsa. -SS
        • Anthology 4 Yodhajiva Sutta --SS
        • Unit 6.2 Buddhism and Contemporary Society -SS
        • Revision Booklets
        • Exam Guidance & Tips
      • Topic Tests -B
        • Unit 1.1 The 4 Noble Truths -TT
        • Unit 1.2 3 marks + 5 khandas -TT
        • Unit 1.3 3 refuges -TT
        • Unit 1.4 Moral Principles -TT
        • Unit 2.1 Buddha -TT
        • Anthology 1 Armstrong -TT
        • Unit 2.2 The sig of the Tipitka -TT
        • Unit 3.1 Theravada-TT
        • Unit 3.2 Mahayana-TT
        • Anthology 2 Basham-TT
        • Unit 3.3 Meditation-TT
        • Unit 4.1 Spread of Bud-TT
        • Unit 4.2 Triratna-TT
        • Unit 4.3 Gender-TT
        • Unit 5.1 Work of Scholars-TT
        • Unit 6.1 Ahimsa-TT
        • Unit 6.2 Cntmry Scty + Bud-TT
      • SAMs EG Ans-B
        • 2022 Ex-B
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      • Philosophy -GCE
        • SPEC PHIL
        • DICTIONARY -P
          • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-D
          • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-D
          • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-D
          • Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel-D
          • Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-D
          • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-D
          • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-D
          • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil-D
        • Personal Learning Checkers -P
        • Knowledge Organisers -P
          • KO Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • KO Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument -P
          • KO Anthology 1 Copleston and Russel -P
          • KO Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument -P
          • KO Unit 2.1 Religious Experience -P
          • KO Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience-P
          • KO Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil -P
          • KO Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
          • KO Anthology 2 JL Mackie -P
          • KO Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol -P
          • KO Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
          • KO Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
          • KO Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
          • KO Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
          • KO Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
          • KO 6.2 Points for discussion about life after death-P
          • KO 6.3 Science and Religion-P
        • Topic On a Page GCE -P
          • ToaP-Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-P
          • ToaP-Unit 1.2 The First Cause Argument-P
          • ToaP-Unit 1.3 The Ontological Argument-P
          • ToaP-Unit 2.1 Religious Experience-P
          • ToaP-Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience -P
          • ToaP-Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil-P
          • ToaP-Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil -P
          • ToaP-Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol-P
          • ToaP-Unit 4.2 Verification and Falsification-P
          • ToaP-Unit 4.3 Language Games-P
          • ToaP-Unit 5.1 Critiques of Religion-P
          • ToaP-Unit 5.2 Work of Scholars-P
          • ToaP-Unit 6.1 Life after Death-P
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        • SELF STUDY -P
          • Unit 1.1 The Design Argument-SSP
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          • Anthology 1 Coplestone and Russel
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          • Unit 2.2 The Argument from Religious Experience
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          • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as solutions to the Problem of Evil
          • Anthology 2 JL Mackie
          • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol
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          • Anthology 3 Flew and Hare
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          • Unit 2.1 Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
          • Unit 2.2 The Arg from Rel Exp Revision GCE RS -P
          • Unit 3.1 The Problem of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
          • Unit 3.2 Theodicies as sol to the Prob of Evil Revision GCE RS -P
          • Anthology 2 JL Mackie Revision GCE RS -P
          • Unit 4.1 Analogy and Symbol Revision GCE RS -P
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          • Anthology 3 Anthony Flew and RM Hare Revision GCE RS -P
          • Anthology 4 Basil Michel and Anthony Flew Revision GCE RS -P
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        • PEQs + Model Essays Phil
          • Unit 1.1 The Design Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
            • 12 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
            • 20 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
            • 30 Mk Model Answers Unit 1.1 The Design Argument -P
          • Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.2 The First Cause Arg -P
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          • Anthology 1 PEQs + Model Ans -P
          • Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 1.3 The Ontological Arg -P
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          • Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
            • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.1 The Nat of Rel Exp -P
          • Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
            • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 2.2 The Sig of Rel Exp -P
          • Unit 3.1 The Prob of E+S PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
            • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.1 The Prob of Evil -P
          • Unit 3.2 Theodices PEQs + Model Essays -P
            • 8 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
            • 12 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
            • 20 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
            • 30 Mk Model Essays Unit 3.2 Sol for the Prob of Evil -P
          • Anthology 2 PEQs + Model Ans -P
          • Unit 4.1 Reg Lang Analogy + Symbol PEQs + Model Essays-P
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8 Mk Q Model Answers Unit 2.1 Buddhism

1 Explore the key events in the life of the Buddha. (8) 2019 Paper Q , 2018 Paper Q

1 Explore Buddha Gautama’s links with the range of religious groupings during his life, including their beliefs and practice. (8)

1 Explore how the life and work of the Buddha reflects contextual features such as sacrifices, caste systems, social and economic groupings and changes; types of authority and kingship. (8)

1. Explore the Religious Background At The Time of the Buddha (8)

In order to understand the religious background at the time of the Buddha one must consider the mainstay religion of the time which was Hinduism. However Hinduism is a very broad term in itself meant to simply describe the religious traditions of the Indus Valley, so more specifically Brahminism;Brahminism was the religion which being the product of a wealthy family the Buddha would have been most familiar with at the time of his upbringing. Brahmanism is a religion which is based of a series of texts known as the Vedas, these text would be provide instructions for priests (otherwise known as Brahmin) to conducts rituals mostly animal sacrifices (also known as Vedic sacrifices). it was believed that the prayers offered during the sacrifice would satisfy the gods and help retain order in the Universe. This would be because Brahmanism states that they are 3 levels of existence in the universe The Phonic, the Spiritual, and the Physical and so chanting catered to the Phonic, while the prayers were aimed in appeasing the Spiritual, and the sacrifice were for the physical. This sacrifices were held because central to Brahminism is the goal of liberating one’s atman from Samsara so as to rejoin the Brahman(the universal spirit. The way one did so was by achieving good karma(through sacrifices) and one would then advance through Samsara through reincarnation until reaching the last stage, that of a Brahmin where one would then die and finally be liberated from the cycle of Samsara.

However many historians believe that at the time of the Buddha, Brahmanism underwent so kind of “Ascetic Reform” and that people due to increase in leisure time as result of economic prosperity undertook further investigation of religious ideas and began to question the ancient vedas. This led to the formation of Samana Movements  which were groups wandering ascetics known as Sadus who would break off all ties with their families and seek out extreme methods in order to gain religious insight. the most prominent of those groups would be the Jains who didn’t believe in the caste system or Vedic sacrifices and instead replace the idea of Atman with the idea of Jiva(life essence). They believed that the Jiva would achieve liberation from Samsara through two ways 1) by living a very discipline lifestyle which involved extreme methods of meditation and yoga or 2) through a policy of non-action which included the principle of ahimsa(non-harming) in order to wipe out any existing karma. other groups included the Materialist who were empirical in nature and chose to celebrate life through following a moral and noble path, the Ajivikas who were similar to jains except that they reject Karma and believed that every atman had it’s niyati(destiny) which had already been decided and could not be altered, and finally the Sceptics whose role was to play devil’s advocate at all times.

The time of the Buddha was a very interesting and exciting time, in terms of religious thought. It is without a doubt that Brahmanism along with contemporary religious ferment influenced. Siddhartha Gautama.

1. Explore how the features of the religious context prior to the time of the Buddha had an influence of the on the life of the Buddha. (8)

The Buddha, or otherwise known as Siddhartha Gautama was born in the Northern India approximately 500 BCE, the society in which he was born in was a very stratified society which was dominated by Brahmanism. Brahmanism is an ancient Hindu religion which advocated the idea of a caste system which dominated all aspects of society. The caste system was hierarchy which put everyone into categories at the bottom of the spectrum were the untouchables who were the pariahs then they were the artisans, the various tradesmen, than they were the Kshatriyas(the ruling warrior class), and at the top were the Brahmins( the priestly class). The idea behind the caste system was that one would be reborn in a different caste depending the individuals Kamma and that eventually their atman(soul) would achieve moksha and rejoin the Brahman. Buddha was born a Kshatriya who the ruling warrior class that were responsible for maintaining peace and order in society by sponsoring the Brahmins to hold vedic sacrifices which were believed to maintain order in the universe.

However the time of the Buddha was also a time of great change, there was increasing urbanisation which led to challenges towards the caste system as societal relations were changing as people were living in close proximity to each other. People were starting to challenge the Brahmanist notion that people were automatically born into categories of society and couldn’t change their circumstances. Urbanisation however led to the loss of tribal leaderships and the development of monarchies which naturally lead the Kshatriyas becoming ever more powerful.

It was also said to be a time of economic prosperity, which in turn led to an increase in leisure time. This increase in leisure time led to people other than the Brahmins taking on religious pursuits and was even starting to become somewhat of a hobby. The development of monarchies coupled with the increase in religious pursuits lead to the Kshatriyas starting to challenge the ideas of the Brahmins creating a conflict between the two which would have reached it’s peak at the time of the Buddha; there were even accounts of kings and monarchs teaching new religious ideas to the priestly class .In summary the sociological and economic background at the time of the Buddha was one of great change.

1. Explore how Buddha accepted some and rejected other aspects of the Historical, Religious and Social contexts from the time prior to the Buddha. (8)

To this day there remains much debate as whether the Buddha’s teachings are directly influenced by Hinduism (meaning Brahminism and contemporary religions ferment) or are they a rejection of Hinduism completely. It seems pretty obvious that they are not a complete rejection because the Buddha incorporated many ideas from Hinduism and Buddhism such as the idea of Samsara,  he also acknowledged the existence of deities and the use of meditation as method of achieving freedom from Samsara. However he also modified certain beliefs such as Karma which had become not only susceptible to action but also to thoughts as well, he didn’t believe in the caste system and instead believe that freedom from Samsara would be a result of achieving enlightenment by following the middle path and he also modified the idea of reincarnation as leaned more towards rebirth which instead of suggesting the idea of a permanent entity(atman) going through samsara it was more passing on of energies from one life to the next. However the Buddha did flat out reject the idea of Atman(the soul) and believed in the principle of Anatta (non-self) meaning that there was no permanent entity within us. Although Buddha rejected some Hindu beliefs he also was influenced by many Hindu belief so in conclusion the extent to which Buddha rejected Hinduism go so far as he modified many already existing beliefs so as fit his world view and philosophy.


1. Explore the significant features of the conception and birth in the life of the Buddha. (8)

1. Explore why Siddhartha’s father kept him in a life of luxury. (8)

1. Explore the significant features of the period of luxury and asceticism in the life of the Buddha. (8)


1 Explore the impact of the episode of the Four Sights on the life of the Buddha . (8)


When the Buddha was born, the sage Asita predicted that he would grow up to be either a great religious leader, or a great warrior.  As chief of the Sakya tribe his Father was keen on the idea of his son following his footsteps and becoming a great warrior.  He therefore wanted to reduce the chances of his son becoming a religious teacher and as such gave him a very sheltered upbringing inside the palace with very limited interaction with the outside world so that he wouldn’t be tempted to seek fulfilment elsewhere.  It is for this reason that Siddhartha was so shocked when he left the palace and witnessed old age, sickness, and death for the first time in his life, and this is one reason why it had such a big impact upon him.

The first three sights; sickness, old age and death had a profound impact on the Buddha because it meant him coming face to face with the suffering that his Father had worked so hard to keep him protected from.  This realisation later led to him concluding the first of his Four Noble Truths; that all life is suffering.  The Buddha realised that human beings are trapped in the cycle of samsara and are destined to suffer over and over again through countless rebirths.

Finally, the fourth sight; the holy man, inspired the Buddha to embark upon his quest for enlightenment.  The Buddha found it hard to believe that anyone could look so peaceful when in the full knowledge of the suffering that is an inevitable part of human life.  This acted as a catalyst to the Buddha to leave his comfortable life in the palace and search for a way that he too could find that kind of peace and happiness in life.


1. Explore the significant features of battle with mara and Enlightenement of Buddha Gautama’s in the life of the Buddha. (8)

1. Explore the events that led to the Buddha’s enlightenment. (8) 

The Buddha was born Siddhartha Gautama at some time between the 6th and 4th century BCE in Lumbini, India (modern day Nepal).  There are many myths and supernatural stories associated with the birth of the Buddha, such as that his Mother Queen Maya dreaming that she conceived her son through a white elephant entering her side, and that immediately upon birth the Buddha stood up and took 4 steps in the direction of each of the four points of the compass.   From this we can see that the Buddha was destined to be special.   A sage predicted that Siddhartha would grow up to be either a great ruler or a great religious teacher which again hints at his future accomplishments.   

The Buddha’s Father kept him sheltered in the palace away from all suffering in order that he would grow up to be a great ruler like himself.  But as a young man Siddhartha slipped out of the palace and witnessed 4 sights which would ultimately lead to his awakening: sickness, old age, death, and a holy man.  Siddhartha was profoundly affected by the suffering present in the first three sights, and was intrigued as to how the holy man could look so content when there was so much suffering in the world.   This ultimately led him to leave the palace and set off on his journey of enlightenment. 

Having abandoned his life of luxury the Buddha began to live the life of a poor ascetic, shunning all luxury and living a life of poverty and meditation.  But this still did not make him happy.  Eventually he abandoned this extreme way of life and determined to live according to the principle of the Middle Way, a life lived between the two extremes of wealth and poverty.  This allowed him to move closer to his goal of enlightenment. 



1. Explore the significant features of founding of the sangha, preaching of Buddha Gautama’s in the life of the Buddha. (8)

1. Explore the significant features of the death and parinibbana. of Buddha Gautama’s in the life of the Buddha. (8)

1 Explore the key features of Vedic religion and culture. (8)


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