There are two types of employment options while you are on F-1 visa. CPT and OPT. Details: https://ic.uci.edu/students/currentStudents/employment/index.php

Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is employment which is an integral part of an established curriculum for a program of study.

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is work authorization available to international students who have been in valid F-1 status for at least three consecutive quarters and who plan to seek employment in the U.S. in their field of study. OPT allows F-1 student to work legally for a period of up to one year, full-time. OPT is recommended by an advisor at the International Center, but final approval is granted by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS).

There are many important details in eligibility for employment while you are on F-1 visa and these requirements has been rapidly changing in the recent years. We advice you to consult the international center on your situation to get the most updated information.

For most international students, first interaction with employment opportunity is for summer internships that require CPT. There are CPT workshops in winter and Spring quarters that can help you get through this process.