Bureaucrats have been playing a very significant role in the administration and politics of Thailand. The failure of the smooth development of extra-bureaucratic political institutions such as political parties, elected legislative assembly, coupled with the prevalence of military coup d’etat have left the Thai bureaucracy with an omnipotent role in the decision-making process and policy formulation of the country. These career bureaucratats especially those on the top echelon have virtually monopolized political and administrative power, running the routines as well as initiating policy. Thus, the argument, now a cliché, that Thailand is a “bureaucratic polity” is a rather accurate description of the situation. 

Likhit Dhiravegin's seminal work, "The Socio-economic Power-bases of the Thai Bureaucratic Elite," identifies key sources of power for Thailand's top bureaucrats, including control over state resources, licensing/permits, development projects (like infrastructure/irrigation), access to elite networks (palace, military, business), and positions in state enterprises and regulatory bodies, all translating into vast wealth and influence beyond salaries, shaping Thai politics and economy.

• Control over State Resources: Managing budgets, land, and national assets.

• Licensing & Permits: Gatekeepers for economic opportunities (business licenses, concessions).

• Development Projects: Directing massive infrastructure & irrigation projects.

• Elite Networks: Strong ties to the monarchy, military, and emerging business elites.

• State Enterprises: Leadership roles in profitable government-owned businesses.

• Regulatory Bodies: Influence over key sectors through appointments

Likhit's research highlighted how Thai bureaucrats weren't just administrators but powerful economic actors, using their positions for personal enrichment and influence, forming a significant part of Thailand's ruling class and driving modernization/development patterns.