Heterhelus scutellaris (Heer, 1841)

キイロチビハナケシキスイ

Cateretes scutellaris Heer, 1841: 412. Type locality: Martygni im Wallis [= Switzerland].

Heterhelus scutellaris: Ganglbauer, 1899: 451 [redescription]; Reitter, 1911: 13 [in key]; Grouvelle, 1913: 15 [catalogue]; Spornraft, 1967: 23 [in key]; Audisio, 1980: 20 [in key]; 1993: 814 [redescription, note]; Kirejtshuk, 1992: 214 (partim) [in key]; Jelinek & Audisio, 2007: 458 (partim) [catalogue].

Heterhelus (Heterhelus) scutellaris: S-T. Hisamatsu & Lee, 2007: 384 [list]; S-T. Hisamatsu, 2011: 563, figs. 1G-H, 6 [redescription, figure].

Cercus sambuci Erichson, 1843: 229. Type locality: Germany. Synonymized by Ganglbauer (1889: 451) with Cateretes scutellaris Heer.

Cercus sambuci: Erichson, 1845: 127 [redescription, note]; Sturm, 1844: tab. CCLXXXIX, fig. c. C [figure]; 1845: 9 [redescription, note]; Redtenbacher, 1849: 162 [in key]; 1858: 323 [in key].

Cercus (Heterhelus) sambuci: Murray, 1864: 234 [redescription, note]; Marseul, 1885: 24 [redescription].

Cercus (Heterhelus) longipennis Murray, 1864: 234. Type locality: Dauria meridionalis [= Russia, Transbaikalia]. Synonymized by Kirejtsuk (1989: 146) with Cateretes scutellaris Heer.

Cercus (Heterhelus) longipennis: Marseul (1885: 25) [redescription]; Kirejtshuk (1989: 146) [lectotype designation and synonymy].

Cercus longipennis: Gemminger & Harold (1868: 803) [catalogue].

Heterhelus longipennis: Grouvelle (1913: 15) [catalogue].

Amartus (Heterhelus) japonicus Reitter, 1878: 166. Type locality: Japonia [= Japan]. Synonymized by Kirejtshuk (1989: 146) with Cateretes scutellaris Heer.

Amartus (Heterhelus) japonicus: Kirejtshuk, 1989: 146 [lectotype designation and synonymy].

Heterhelus japonicus: Reitter, 1884: 258 [in key]; Reitter, 1885: 104 [list]; Grouvelle, 1913: 15 [catalogue]; Hayashi, 1978: 4 [description of larva].

Amartus (Heterhelus) angusticollis Reitter, 1878: 167. Type locality: Japonia [= Japan]. Synonymized by Hisamatsu (1979: 247) with Amartus (Heterhelus) japonicus Reitter.

Amartus (Heterhelus) angusticollis: Hisamatsu, 1979: 247 [synonymy].

Heterhelus angusticollis: Reitter, 1884: 258 [in key]; Reitter, 1885: 104 [list]; Grouvelle, 1913: 15 [catalogue]; Jelinek & Audisio, 2007: 458 [catalogue].

【形態 / Diagnosis】

• 体長 2.2–3.1 mm．体色は♂は常に赤茶色だが，♀は赤茶色～黒色まで変化に富む．触角の球桿部は2節．前胸背板の側縁の形は一様に丸まるものから中央部が突出するものまで変化に富む．

【生態 / Bionomics】

• ニワトコSambucus racemosa L. subsp. sieboldiana (Miq.) H. Hara (スイカズラ科Caprifoliaceae) を寄主植物とする．成虫はニワトコの花粉と花弁を食べ，幼虫は子房の中で発育する．成虫は他にも，シモツケSpiraea spp. (バラ科Rosaceae) やブナ科Fagaceae，キタコブシMagnolia kobus DC. var. borealis Sarg. (モクレン科Magnoliaceae) の花にも集まる．

• 幼虫はニワトコの種子を食べて成長し，5月下旬頃に外へ脱出し，土中で蛹化，2~3週間後に成虫となる．そして翌年春にニワトコの花が咲く頃まで約10カ月間，土中で過ごす（林，1986）．

【備考/ Notes】

• クロチビハナケシキスイと形態が似るが，♂の体色が常に赤茶色であること，♂交尾器の Paramere がより長いこと，median lobe が側面から見た時に先端が尖ること，などから区別できる．

【分布 / Distribution】

• Palaearctic Region: Europe, Russia (East Siberia, Far East), Mongolia, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshû, Shikoku, Kyûshû)

成虫写真 / Photos, adults

生態写真/Photos

分布地図/Distribution maps

【参考文献 / References】

• Hayashi, N. (1977) Ecology of Heterhelus japonicus (Reitter). Coleopterists’ News, 32, 3. (in Japanese.)

• 林長閑（1986）甲虫の生活 幼虫のくらしをさぐる．築地書館，177 pp.

• Hisamatsu, S-T. (2011) A review of the Japanese Kateretidae fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 51(2), 551-585.

• Ishida, K. (1996) Beetle pollination of Magnolia praecocissima var. borealis. Plant Species Biology, 11: 199–206. (in Japanese.)

• Jelinek, J. & Audisio, P. (2007) Family Nitidulidae. Pp. 459–491. In: Löbl, I. & Smetana, A. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 4: Elateroidea – Derodontoidea – Bostrichoidea – Lymexyloidea – Cleroidea – Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 935 pp.

【分布図作成に用いた文献 / References used for the distribution map】

• Hisamatsu, S-T. (2011) A review of the Japanese Kateretidae fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 51(2), 551-585.

• Jelinek, J. & Audisio, P. (2007) Family Nitidulidae. Pp. 459–491. In: Löbl, I. & Smetana, A. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 4: Elateroidea – Derodontoidea – Bostrichoidea – Lymexyloidea – Cleroidea – Cucujoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 935 pp.

• 大桃定洋・佐藤光一（2003）栃木県自然環境基礎調査 とちぎの昆虫 II. 栃木県，248-255.

• 斎藤修司（2017）福島県のヒゲボソケシキスイ科およびケシキスイ科の現状, InsecTOHOKU, 41: 2-15．

• 千田喜博・秋山美文（2020）比婆山連峰とその周辺の甲虫相．庄原市立比和自然科学博物館研究報告, (61):1-145.

• 下山健作（1971）青森県のケシキスイムシ科．昆虫学評論，23(1): 45-58．

【分布図作成に用いた標本 / Materials used for the distribution map】

• YHCC = Yasuhiko Hayashi Coleoptera Collection