Slovak Language Lessons for Beginners - Lesson 23

[Lesson Overview] [Personal Website]

[Lesson 1] [Lesson 2] [Lesson 3] [Lesson 4] [Lesson 5] [Lesson 6] [Lesson 7] [Lesson 8] [Lesson 9] [Lesson 10]

[Lesson 11] [Lesson 12] [Lesson 13] [Lesson 14] [Lesson 15] [Lesson 16] [Lesson 17] [Lesson 18] [Lesson 19] [Lesson 20]

[Lesson 21] [Lesson 22] [Lesson 23]

bolieť (stem: bolí-) = to hurt

Bolí ma _____. = My ______ hurts. (literally: _____ hurts me.)

Dnes ma veľmi bolí hlava, ale aj brucho. = Today, my head hurts a lot, but also my stomach.

Note: Parts of the human body were covered in [Lesson 8].

nemocnica = hospital (with hospital beds)

poliklinika = hospital (without hospital beds)

klinika = clinic

lekáreň (fem.) = pharmacy (where you buy medical drugs)

sanitka = ambulance

ambulancia = doctor's office

návšteva = visit

kontrola = check-up

vyšetrenie = medical examination

preventívna prehliadka = (preventive) physical examination

hospitalizácia = hospitalization

hospitalizovať (stem: hospitalizuje-) = to hospitalize

lekár, lekárka (or doktor, doktorka) = doctor, physician (m, f)

zdravotná sestra (or simply sestrička) = nurse (m, f); literally means 'medical sister' and 'little sister,' respectively

ošetrovateľ, ošetrovateľka = caretaker (m, f)

lekárnik, lekárnička = pharmacist (m, f); lekárnička also means 'medical kit' (such as the one found in automobiles)

pacient = patient

krvný tlak = blood pressure

vysoký tlak / nízky tlak = high blood pressure / low blood pressure

krvný test = blood test

odber krvi = blood drawing

krvný obraz = result of a blood test; literally: 'the blood image'

zdravotný stav = medical condition'

diagnóza = diagnosis

prognóza = prognosis

výsledok = result (in general)

liečba = treatment

liečiť (stem: lieči-) = to treat

vyliečiť (stem: vyliečuje-) = to cure

oddelenie = department (in a hospital, store, office, etc.)

infekčné oddelenie = infectious diseases' department

chirurgia = surgical department

onkológia = oncology

urológia = urology

nefrológia = nephrology (deals with kidneys)

dermatológia = dermatology

traumatológia = traumatology (deals with broken limbs, accidents, etc.)

gynekológia = gynecology

stomatológia = stomatology, dental medicine

detský lekár, detská lekárka (or pediater, pediatrička) = childrens' doctor, pediatrician

chirurg, chirurgička = surgeon

kožný lekár (or dermatológ) = dermatologist

gynekológ, gynekologička = gynecologist

zubár, zubárka (or stomatológ, stomatologička) = dentist

operácia = operation, surgery

operačná sála = operating room

operovať = to operate

zdravotný záznam (or zdravotná karta) = medical records

kartička poistenca (also preukaz poistenca, or simply kartička) = health insurance card (Note: kartička literally means 'little card')

choroba = disease

ochorenie (or nemoc) = ailment

vysoká teplota = high temperature

horúčka = fever

nádcha = (common) cold

chrípka = flu

kašeľ = cough

kašľať (stem: kašle-) = to cough

kýchať (stem: kýcha-) = to sneeze

alergia = allergy

senná nádcha = hay fever

infekcia = infection

zápal = inflammation

zápal pľúc (or pneumónia) = pneumonia ('inflammation of the lungs')

zápal slepého čreva = appendicitis (literally: 'inflammation of the 'blind intestine' (=appendix)')

zapáliť sa (stem: zapáli- sa) = to become inflamed

tuberkulóza = tuberculosis

rakovina = cancer

dlhá choroba or ťažká choroba = literally 'long disease' or 'difficult disease'; often used as a euphemistic expression for cancer

nádor (or tumor) = tumor

leukémia = leukemia

chemoterapia = chemotherapy

ožarovanie (or radiácia) = radiation therapy

život = life

smrť = death

zranený = wounded

živý = living, alive

mŕtvy = dead

v bezvedomí = unconscious (literally: 'in unconsciousness')

zomrieť (stem: zomiera-) = to die

prežiť (stem: prežíva-) = to survive

zdravotný = medical, health-related

nákazlivý (or prenosný) = contagious

infekčný = infectious

neprenosný = non-contagious

nebezpečný = dangerous

smrteľný = deadly, lethal

liek = medical drug

droga = illegal drug

predpis (or recept) = prescription

predpísať (stem: predpisuje-) = to prescribe

užívať (stem: užíva-) = to take/use (medicine)

liek na predpis = prescription-only medicine

voľnopredajný liek = over-the-counter medicine (literally: 'freely sellable' medicine)

tabletka (or pilulka) = pill

kvapky = drops

sirup = 'syrup', liquid medicine

antibiotikum = antibiotic

placebo = placebo

antikoncepcia = contraception

vitamín = vitamin

výživový doplnok = supplement

When a personal pronoun is preceded by a preposition that is associated with the genitive case (see next section for a list), we use the following forms of the pronouns:

nominative case (subject) genitive case after preposition

ja = I mňa

ty = you (sg. informal) teba

on = he neho

ona = she nej

ono = for neuter (rare) neho

my = we nás

vy = you (pl., sg. formal) vás

oni, ony= they nich

In Slovak, the genitive case is associated with several prepositions. The most commonly used of these are the following:

bez = without

od = from

do = into

z = out of

u = at (e.g.: at someone's place)

Z hlavného mesta sme sa vrátili bez neho. = We returned from the capital city without him.

Obed budeme mať u nášho suseda. = We will have lunch at our neighbor's place.

Čo ste od nich vtedy počuli? = What did you hear from them that time?

Nemám chuť teraz ísť do obchodu. = I don't feel like going (in)to the store now.

mimo = outside of

okolo = around

uprostred (also v strede) = in the middle of

vedľa = next to

vnútri = inside

Naša záhrada sa nachádza mimo dediny. = Our garden is located (literally: 'finds itself') outside of the village.

Váš pes stále behá okolo nášho domu. = Your dog always runs around our house.

Stratili sme sa uprostred lesa. = We got lost in the middle of the forest. (literally: 'we lost ourselves')

Vedľa mňa stojí riaditeľ firmy. = The company director is standing next to me.

Vnútri starej nemocnice je onkologické oddelenie. = Inside the old hospital is the oncological department.

okrem = except, aside from

počas = during

blízko = near

namiesto = instead of

Okrem penicilínu, užívate aj nejaký iný liek? = Aside from penicillin, do you take any other medicine?

Pacient, bohužiaľ, zomrel počas operácie. = The patient, unfortunately, died during the surgery.

Blízko parku našli bombu. = They found a bomb near the park.

Namiesto môjho uja by mal ísť jeho syn. = His son should go instead of my uncle.