投稿日: Dec 18, 2014 12:53:16 AM
Ohtsubo, Y. （大坪庸介）, & Yagi, A.（八木彩乃） (in press).
Evolution and Human Behavior.
doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.11.008
The valuable relationships hypothesis posits that people are inclined to reconcile with their valuable-relationship partners. Focusing on a particular type of credible conciliatory signal (i.e., costly apology), the present study tested this hypothesis from the perpetrator’s perspective. In Studies 1 and 2, after imagining that they had committed an interpersonal transgression against one of their real friends, participants (N = 529 and 311 in Studies 1 and 2, respectively) rated their willingness to incur a cost in order to apologize to the victim. Apology cost was operationalized as “canceling plans to make an apology as soon as possible” in Study 1, and as “offering compensation” in Study 2. The results showed that the instrumentality of the partner to achieving the participants’ goals would increase their willingness to make a costly apology, after controlling for the participants’ sex, version of the transgression scenario, closeness to the victim, and expected forgiveness of the victim. To ensure the external validity of this finding, Studies 3 and 4 asked participants to recall one of their interpersonal transgression experiences, and to report whether they had offered compensation for it (N = 190 and 224 in Studies 3 and 4, respectively). Study 3 confirmed the hypothesis, while Study 4 did not directly support it. However, Study 4 did show that participants were more willing to reconcile with their valuable partners. Taken together, these results indicate that the valuable relationships hypothesis applies not only to victims, but also their perpetrators as well.
この研究では、関係価値の高い相手を傷つけた場合に、人々がコストのかかるやりかたで（より赦してもらいやすいやりかたで）謝罪することを示した。研究1・2は場面想定法の質問紙実験であり、研究3・4は実際の謝罪経験を想起して回答してもらう回想法調査であった。いずれの研究も、人々が関係価値の高い相手との和解に高く動機づけられていることを示していた。