ОСНОВНАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА:

1. Aronow R et al: Mercury exposure from interior latex paint--Michigan. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1990;39:125. (Mercury intoxication resulted from exposure to off-gassing vapors of organic mercury used as a preservative in paint.)

2. Brent J et al: Reversal of isoniazid-induced coma by pyridoxine. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:1751. (Three patients awakened after receiving pyridoxine; in two cases, seizures had been controlled with initial pyridoxine but the patients remained comatose until additional doses were given.)

Bryson P: Critical Review in Toxicology. Aspens Systems, 1989.

3. Burkhart KK, Kulig KW: The other alcohols: Methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropanol. Emerg Med Clin North Am 1990;8:913. (Pathophysiology and clinical presentation of poisoning by ethanol substitutes.)

4. Caravati E.M. (1985) Acute hydrofluoric acid exposures. Ann. J. Emerg. Med., 6: 143–150

5. Caravati EM, Bossart PJ: Demographic and electrocardiographic factors associated with severe tricyclic antidepressant toxicity. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1991;29:31. (Retrospective review found predictors of major toxicity included heart rate > 120/min, serum TCA level > 800 ng/mL, QRS interval > 100 ms, and terminal 40 ms axis > 135 degrees.)

6. Clark RF et al: Clinical presentation and treatment of black widow spider envenomation: A review of 163 cases. Ann Emerg Med 1992;21:782. (The authors found calcium relatively ineffective compared with intravenous opioids and benzodiazepines.)

7. Cobb N, Etzel RA: Unintentional carbon monoxide related deaths in the United States, 1979 through 1988. JAMA 1991;266:659. (Ten-year retrospective study. The rate of death was greatest in the winter months and among blacks, males, and the elderly and those living in northern states.)

8. Ellenhorn M, Barceloux D: Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning. Elsevier, 1988.

9. Ford M et al: Opioids and designer drugs. Emerg Med Clin North Am 1990;8:495. (Emphasizes supportive care and use of naloxone.)

10.Goldfrank LR et al (editors): Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 4th ed. Appleton & Lange, 1990.

11.Gorby MS: Arsenic poisoning. (Clinical Conference.) West J Med 1988;149:308. (Sources of exposure, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations. and treatment.)

12.Haddad LM, Winchester JF: Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 2nd ed. Saunders, 1990.

13.Hoffman JR et al: The empiric use of naloxone in patients with altered mental status: A reappraisal. Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:246. (Clinical criteria of opioid intoxication--decreased respirations, miotic pupils, and circumstantial evidence of opioid use--were effective predictors of response to naloxone in patients with altered mental status. The authors suggest limiting prehospital naloxone to patients with these criteria.)

14.Holland RW et al: Grand-mal seizures temporally related to cocaine use: Clinical and diagnostic features. Ann Emerg Med 1992;21:772. (Retrospective review of 37 patients suggests that most cocaine-related seizures are uncomplicated and do not require extensive neurologic workup.)

15.Hulten BA et al: Predicting the severity of tricyclic overdose. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1992;30:161. (Prospective study found level of consciousness and QRS duration sensitive predictors of toxicity.)

16.Hunting KL et al: Solvent exposure and the risks of slips, trips, and falls among painters. Am J Ind Med 1991;20:353. (Low-level solvent exposure was associated with an increased risk of slips and falls.)

17.IPCS: Рoisoning Severity Score (PSS) (1996).

18.Kassa J. (1995) Comparison of the effect of selected cholinesterase reactivators combined with atropine on the toxicity of soman and fosdrin in mice. Sb. Ved. Pr. Lek. Fak. Karlovy Univ.Hradci Kralove, 38: 63–66.

19.Kecik Y et al: A case of acute poisoning due to organophosphate insecticide. Anaesthesia 1993;48:141. (Case report in which the patient remained symptomatic for 30 days.)

20.Kim SY, Benowitz NL: Poisoning due to class IA antiarrhythmic drugs. Quinidine, procainamide, and disopyramide. Drug Saf 1990;5:393. (Pharmacology, pathophysiology of overdose, and treatment options, including use of bicarbonate and dialysis рrocedures.)

21.Kloner R et al: The effects of acute and chronic cocaine use on the heart. Circulation 1992;85:407. (The pharmacologic basis for cocaine cardiotoxicity, clinical manifestations, and proposed treatment.)

22.Leiken JB et al: Clinical features and management of intoxication due to hallucinogenic drugs. Med Toxicol Adv Drug Exper (now called Drug Safety) 1989;4:324. (Review article including discussion of LSD, PCP, psilocybin, mescaline, and designer drugs.)

23.Lheureux P., Even-Adin D., Askenasi R. (1990) Current status of antidotal therapies in acute human intoxications. Acta. Clin. Belg. Suppl., 13: 29–47.

24.Lotti M: Treatment of acute organophosphate poisoning. Med J Aust 1991;154:51. (General review of mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment.)

25.Machado B et al: Accidental hydrocarbon ingestion cases telephoned to a regional poison center. Ann Emerg Med 1988;17:804. (Review of 184 telephone calls to a poison control center after hydrocarbon ingestion. The authors conclude that patients who are asymptomatic or whose symptoms clear quickly can be safely managed at home without hospitalization.)

26.McElhatton FPR et al: The consequences of iron overdose and its treatment with deferoxamine in pregnancy. Hum Exp Toxicol 1991;10:251. (Forty-nine patients treated for iron overdose in pregnancy; The authors conclude that deferoxamine treatment is useful and should not be withheld because of unfounded concerns about its use in pregnancy.)

27.Mvros R et al: Orthotopic liver transplants necessitated by acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol 1992;34:425. (Three cases of acetaminophen-induced liver failure accompanied by encephalopathy, successfully treated with liver transplantation.)

28.Olson KR et al: Poisoning & Drug Overdose, 2nd ed. Appleton & Lange, 1994.

29.Pennisi E. (1996) Chemicals behind the Gulf War Syndrome?. Science, 272: 479–480

30.Raff E et al: Renal failure after eating "Magic" mushrooms. Can Med Assoc J 1992;147:1339. (Case report of transient renal failure after eating Cortinarius sp mushrooms.)

31.Rempel D: The lead-exposed worker. JAMA 1989;262:532. (Federal law provides specific guidelines for monitoring and treating lead-exposed workers; this article makes recommendations for physicians managing such patients.)

32.Rumack BH (editor): POISINDEX. Denver, CO 80204. A computerized and microfiche information system. Revised quarterly.

33.Schauben JL et al: Iron poisoning: Report of three cases and a review of therapeutic intervention. J Emerg Med 1990;8:309. (Emphasis on gastrointestinal decontamination techniques.)

34.Schneitzer L et al: Lead poisoning in adults from renovation of an older home. Ann Emerg Med 1990;19:415. (Three cases from a group exposure during renovation. One case required chelation treatment.)

35.Secord E et al: War souvenir poisoning. Am J Dis Child 1991;145:724. (Case report of atropine poisoning in a child who accidentally injected himself with an autoinjector that had been issued to his uncle for use as a chemical warfare antidote while he was stationed in Saudi Arabia.)

36.Smilkstein MJ et al: Acetaminophen overdose: A 48-hour intravenous treatment protocol. Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:1058. (179 patients treated for 48 hours with an intravenous preparation of acetylcysteine had outcomes equal to those reported in patients treated with the 72-hour oral regimen.)

37.Succimer--an oral drug for lead poisoning. Med Lett Drugs Ther 1991;233:78.

38.Thompson LF et al: Management of the moribund carbon monoxide victim. Arch Emerg Med 1992;9:208. (Case report and literature review. Emphasizes use of hyperbaric oxygen.)

39.Vance M.V., Curry S.C. et al (1986) Digital hydrofluoric acid burns of the skin with intra-arterial calcium infusion. Ann. Ernerg. Med., 15: 890–896.

40.Velvart J. (1983) Arterial perfusion for hydrofluoric bums. Hum. Toxicol., 2: 233–238.

41.Viccellio P (editor): Handbook of Medical Toxicology. Little, Brown, 1993.

42.White CD, Weiss LD: Varying presentations of methemoglobinemia: Two cases. J Emerg Med 1991;9:45. (Case reports with a review of the pathophysiology and diagnosis.)

43.Wingert WA: Treatment of crotalid envenomation: Conservative vs anticipatory. J Wilderness Med 1992;3:113. (The author suggests we may be overtreating with antivenin, which is poorly purified and commonly associated with anaphylactoid reactions.)