2.4超越離合器

Ratchet mechanism 5

Bicycle free-wheel.

The blue sprocket receives motion from the pedaling bicyclist. The

yellow hub rotates only when the sprocket rotates clockwise.

Clockwise rotation of the yellow hub has no inflection to the blue

sprocket.

The red pawl is always pressed toward the sprocket’s teeth by a

spring. In reality two pawls are used.

Roller overrunning clutch 2

Green outter disk and blue inner disk rotate around a fixed axis.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the outter disk is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted

to the inner disk only in clockwise direction.

When the inner disk is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to

the outter disk only in anticlockwise direction.

Two way overrunning clutch 1

Blue outter disk and pink fork rotate around a fixed axis.

Green inner disk rotates idly on the pink fork.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

1. When the blue outter disk is driving, its rotation of both directions is

transmitted to the green inner disk by wedging of the rollers between

the blue outter disk and the green inner disk (orange rollers for

anticlockwise direction, yellow rollers for clockwise direction).

The rotation of the green inner disk is transmitted to the pink fork by flexible contact via

springs, red bushes and rollers (yellow rollers for clockwise direction, orange rollers for

anticlockwise direction).

2. When the fork is driving, its rotation of both directions is transmitted to the green inner

disk by flexible contact via rollers, red bushes and springs (orange rollers for clockwise

direction, yellow rollers for anticlockwise direction)

The rotation can not transmitted to the blue outter disk because the wedging does not

happen.

3. When the green inner disk is driving, its rotation of both directions is transmitted to the

blue outter disk by wedging of the rollers between the blue outter disk and the green inner

disk (orange rollers for clockwise direction, yellow rollers for anticlockwise direction).

The rotation of the green inner disk is transmitted to the pink fork by flexible contact via

springs, red bushes and rollers (yellow rollers for clockwise direction, orange rollers for

anticlockwise direction).

In brief, the rotation of two directions can be transmitted from the outter disk to the fork. The

inverse is impossible. The fork and the inner disk always rotate together.

If the outter disk is kept immobile, the rotation can be transmitted only from the fork to the

inner disk. The inverse is impossible, causing jam of the mechanism. So the inner disk can

not act as a driving link.

Two way overrunning clutch 2

Blue outter disk and pink fork rotate around a fixed axis.

Green inner disk of oval shape rotates idly on the pink fork.

Brown flat springs force rollers into wedgeshaped gaps between the

outter and inner disks.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

The rotation of two directions can be transmitted from the outter disk

to the fork. The inverse is impossible. The fork and the inner disk always rotate together.

This is an embodiment of the mechanism shown in “Two way overrunning clutch 1”

Roller overrunning clutch 3

Blue outter disk and pink fork rotate around a fixed axis.

Green inner disk rotates idly on the pink fork.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

1. When the blue outter disk is driving, its anticlockwise rotation is

transmitted to the green inner disk by wedging of the yellow rollers

between the blue outter disk and the green inner disk.

Clockwise rotation of the blue outter disk can not be transmitted to the pink fork.

2. When the fork is driving, its rotation of both directions is transmitted to the green inner

disk by flexible contact via yellow rollers, red bushes and springs (for clockwise direction) or

by direct contact between the fork and the green inner disk (for anticlockwise direction).

The rotation can not transmitted to the blue outter disk because the wedging does not

happen.

3. When the green inner disk is driving, its clockwise rotation is transmitted to the blue

outter disk by wedging of the yellow rollers between the blue outter disk and the green inner

disk. Anticlockwise rotation of the green inner disk can not be transmitted to the blue outter

disk.

The rotation of the green inner disk is transmitted to the pink fork by flexible contact via

springs, red bushes and yellow rollers (for anticlockwise direction) or by direct contact

between the green inner disk and the fork (for clockwise direction)

Ball overrunning clutch 1

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

The red flat springs always force the yellow balls into

wedgeshaped gaps between the shafts.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be

transmitted to the green shaft only in anticlockwise direction.

When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be

transmitted to the blue shaft only in clockwise direction.

Sprag overrunning clutch 1

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

Blue springs and red pins maintain contact between yellow sprags

and the two shafts.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be

transmitted to the green shaft only in clockwise direction.

When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to the blue shaft

only in anticlockwise direction.

Sprag overrunning clutch 2

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

Copper springs maintain contact between yellow sprags, pink pins

and the two shafts.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be

transmitted to the green shaft only in clockwise direction.

When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to the blue shaft

only in anticlockwise direction.

Sprag overrunning clutch 3

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

Red spring maintains contact between yellow sprag, pink pin and the

two shafts.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted

to the green shaft only in clockwise direction.

When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to the blue shaft

only in anticlockwise direction.

Sprag overrunning clutch 4

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

Red spring maintains contact between yellow sprag and V-shaped

groove of the green shaft.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted

to the green shaft only in clockwise direction.

When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted

to the blue shaft only in antclockwise direction.

If the green shaft is kept immobile, the blue shaft can rotate only anticlockwise. It is braked

automatically when rotating clockwise (mechanism for preventing reverse rotation).

Screw overrunning clutch 1

Blue and green shafts rotate around a fixed axis.

Yellow nut of male cone has a helical joint (right hand thread) with

the blue shaft.

Red torsion spring tends to turn the yellow nut clockwise thus

maintains contact for cone surfaces of the yellow nut and the green

shaft.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

When the blue shaft is driving and rotates anticlockwise, the green

shaft tends to keep the nut immobile. The latter tends to move

towards the green shaft, contact force at cone surfaces increases, the green shaft rotates

together with the blue shaft.

When the blue shaft is driving and rotates clockwise, the green shaft tends to keep the nut

immobile. The latter tends to move apart from the green shaft, contact force at cone surface

decreases, the green shaft stays immobile.

In brief:

- When the blue shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to the green shaft

only in anticlockwise direction.

- When the green shaft is driving, its two way rotation can be transmitted to the blue shaft

only in clockwise direction.

- If the green shaft is kept immobile, the blue shaft can rotate only anticlockwise. It is braked

automatically when rotating clockwise(mechanism for preventing reverse rotation).

This mechanism is created purely on computer and needs to be verified in practice.

Screw gear overrunning clutch

Green ring and blue gear rotate around a fixed axis.

The ring carries two yellow gear shafts with brown cones.

The arrows show which link is the driving at different times.

1. If the green ring is driving:

- When the ring rotates anticlockwise, gearing forces (axial

components) push the yellow gear shafts towards the femal cones of the ring, the yellow

gear shafts can not rotate and make the blue gear rotate.

- When the ring rotates clockwise, gearing forces push the yellow gear shafts away from the

femal cones of the ring, the yellow gear shafts rotate idly and the blue gear is kept immobile

by load applied on it.

2. If the blue gear is driving:

- When the blue gear rotates anticlockwise, gearing forces push the yellow gear shafts

away from the femal cones of the ring, the yellow gear shafts rotate idly and the ring is kept

immobile by load applied on it.

- When the blue gear rotates clockwise, gearing forces push the yellow gear shafts towards

the femal cones of the ring, the yellow gear shafts can not rotate and make the ring rotate.

For an embodiment of this mechanism the three helical gears are replaced by a non self

locking worm drive (one worm gear and two worms).

Roller overrunning clutch 3

Input: blue shaft rotating two directions.

Output: green shaft rotates with the input shaft only in the direction

set by the pink lever.

The orange pins always force the red roller into wedgeshaped gaps

between the input and output shafts.

The spring of the blue pin must be strong enough for positioning the

pink lever.

Two-way anti-reverse transmission 1a

Pink input shaft transmits rotation to output green shaft in both

directions.

Reverse transmission is impossible because yellow rollers wedge

between the fixed outter rim and the green shaft.

The mechanism has self-locking feature like worm drive but

transmission ratio is 1/1.

It can be used for motion control system where servo motor needs a

rest (interrupting electric supply) when motion control is not required.

For more see: “Two way overrunning clutch 1”

http://youtu.be/-Y_SQGMRx8k

Two-way anti-reverse transmission 1b

This is an embodiment of the mechanism shown in “Two-way antireverse

transmission 1a”

http://youtu.be/wZjoNIkYQqM

Pink input shaft transmits rotation to output green shaft in both

directions.

Reverse transmission is impossible because rollers wedge between

the fixed outter rim and the green shaft.

The mechanism has self-locking feature like worm drive but transmission ratio is 1/1.

It can be used for motion control system where servo motor needs a rest (interrupting

electric supply) when motion control is not required.

For more see: “Two way overrunning clutch 2”