13. The Federal

13a. Federal (Preston, Cambridge)

Another style that is derived from the Georgian is the Federal (called Adam in the U.S. and Louis XVI in France).

The Federal uses many of the styling clues also present in the Late Georgian.

What to look for (clues)

- Rectangular in shape, the smaller side is normally at the front.

- The main entrance appears in a corner of the facade.

- Unlike the main Georgians, the style is asymmetrical.

- Side walls may appear larger than the roof. This was an attempt in urban settings (or especially in row houses) to prevent the spread of fire.

- The entryway is similar to that in a Late Georgian. The airy stoop may be open or covered.

- Greek or Roman pilasters (fake columns) may be present.

- Windows are usually 3 over 2 with the door tucked into a corner.

- Fancy stone or brickwork often appears above and or below the windows.

- Roof gables may appear on the front or side of the building.

- There is a moderately steep roof with one or two chimneys.

13b. Federal (Kitchener)

13c. Federal (London)

Where to find it

The style is more common in the United States, especially in the North East. It can also be found in some of the older areas of Canadian cities in the form of individual dwellings.

For some unknown reason, owners of the Federal always appears to keep their houses dramatically painted and in excellent shape.

13d. Federal (Elmira)

13e. Federal (Woodstock)

''RELATIONS'

I believe that 4 building styles evolved from the Georgian; the Federal, the Late Georgian and the Loyalist, which in turn is divided into the Ontario Cottage and Ontario House. Others disagree with me and lump these 4 styles under the heading NEOCLASSICAL.

I will be presenting all of these as different styles. I will leave it up to the reader to decide who is correct!